Biology

Mitosis vs Meiosis

Mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid cells — used for growth and repair. Meiosis produces four genetically unique haploid cells — used for sexual reproduction (sperm, egg).

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How to Approach Mitosis vs Meiosis

Mitosis: 1 division

Interphase → Prophase → Metaphase → Anaphase → Telophase → Cytokinesis. Sister chromatids separate. Result: 2 daughter cells, each 2n (diploid), genetically identical to the parent.

Meiosis I: homologous chromosomes separate

Includes crossing-over in Prophase I — homologous chromosomes exchange segments, introducing genetic variation. At the end: 2 cells, each n (haploid), with shuffled genes.

Meiosis II: sister chromatids separate

Similar to mitosis, but starting with haploid cells. Result: 4 daughter cells total, each n, genetically unique.

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Frequently Asked Questions

How many cells does each process produce?+

Mitosis: 2 cells per division, identical to parent. Meiosis: 4 cells across two divisions, each genetically unique and haploid.

What is crossing-over?+

During Prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material. This recombination is a major source of genetic variation in offspring.

Is meiosis only for sex cells?+

Yes. Meiosis produces gametes (sperm and egg in animals). Mitosis handles all other cell division — growth, tissue repair, asexual reproduction.

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Mitosis vs Meiosis

How to Approach Mitosis vs Meiosis

Mitosis: 1 division

Meiosis I: homologous chromosomes separate

Meiosis II: sister chromatids separate

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Frequently Asked Questions

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Stuck on a Mitosis vs Meiosis problem?

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