SECTION D: INCOME STATEMENT (Continuing from previous turn)

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SECTION D: INCOME STATEMENT (Continuing from previous turn)

Step 3: Calculate Net Profit.

$$\text{Net Profit} = \text{Gross Profit} - \text{Total Expenses}$$ $$\text{Net Profit} = \text{R}8,000 - \text{R}2,100 = \boxed{\text{R}5,900}$$

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Unit 3, Topic 1

1. Define the term culture.

   • Culture refers to the shared patterns of behavior, beliefs, values, customs, arts, and institutions that characterize a group or society. It is learned and transmitted across generations.

2. List three activities occurred in culture.

   • I: Traditional ceremonies (e.g., initiation rites, weddings)
   • II: Storytelling and oral traditions
   • III: Artistic expressions (e.g., music, dance, carving)

3. How traditionally the culture transmitted to the new generations?

   • Traditionally, culture is transmitted through oral traditions, storytelling, rituals, ceremonies, and direct teaching by elders and family members. Children learn by observing and participating in community life.

4. Why the culture is diversity in Papua New Guinea?

   • Papua New Guinea has extreme cultural diversity due to its rugged geography (mountains, islands) which historically isolated communities. This isolation led to the development of thousands of distinct languages and unique cultural practices across different groups.

Unit 3, Topic 2

1. What is the political structured of many culture in Papua New Guinea?

   • Many traditional cultures in Papua New Guinea have decentralized political structures, often based on clan systems or big-man systems. Leadership is typically achieved through personal influence, wealth, and persuasive ability rather than inherited status.

2. Explain the difference between patrilineal and Matrilineal culture in Papua New Guinea?

   • In a patrilineal culture, descent and inheritance are traced through the father's line. Property, status, and often leadership roles are passed from father to son.
   • In a matrilineal culture, descent and inheritance are traced through the mother's line. Property, status, and sometimes leadership roles are passed from mother to daughter or from a maternal uncle to his nephew.

3. Name two cultural places in AROB dominated by a Patrilineal society.

   • While the Autonomous Region of Bougainville (AROB) is predominantly matrilineal, some areas may exhibit patrilineal influences or systems.
   • I: Northern Buka Island (some groups)
   • II: Certain inland areas of mainland Bougainville