Figure 5 below illustrates a child suffering from a deficiency disease.

21. Figure 5 below illustrates a child suffering from a deficiency disease.

• a. Name the disease The child in the figure is suffering from Kwashiorkor.

• b. Which two food substances may be lacking in the diet given to the child?

  • Protein
  • Carbohydrates (or Fats)

• c. Name two structural differences between red blood cells and white blood cells.

  • Red blood cells are biconcave discs and lack a nucleus, while white blood cells have an irregular shape and possess a nucleus.
  • Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, while white blood cells do not.

22.a. Mention any two types of leaf arrangement

• Opposite
• Alternate

22.b. Mention any two importance of micro-organisms.

• They act as decomposers, breaking down dead organic matter and recycling nutrients in the soil.
• They are involved in nitrogen fixation, converting atmospheric nitrogen into forms usable by plants.

23. In an investigation a fleshly cut leaf was dipped vertically into warm water in a beaker facing downwards.

• a. State what was investigated? The investigation was about transpiration (loss of water vapor from the leaf) or the presence of air in the xylem vessels of the leaf.

• b. Describe the observation after 3 to 5 minutes Air bubbles will be observed emerging from the cut end of the leaf's petiole.

• c. Explain your answer in 23b above The warm water causes the air trapped within the xylem vessels of the leaf to expand and become less soluble. This expanded air is then forced out of the cut end of the petiole, appearing as bubbles. This demonstrates the presence of air in the leaf's vascular system.