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How is an electrocardiograph (ECG) calibrated for electrical wave recording, amplitude, and time?
Biology
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This text explains how an electrocardiograph (ECG) is calibrated to accurately record the heart's electrical activity.
- Electrical Wave Recording: An ECG records an upward deflection (positive) when a depolarization wave moves towards the exploring electrode or when a repolarization wave moves away from it. The opposite occurs for downward deflections.
- Amplitude (Vertical Axis) Calibration: The ECG is set so that a change of 1 mV (millivolt) produces a 10 mm amplitude deflection. This means each small square (1 mm) on the vertical axis of the tracing paper represents 0.1 mV.
- Time (Horizontal Axis) Calibration: The standard recording speed is 25 mm per second. Consequently, each small square (1 mm) on the horizontal axis represents a duration of 0.04 seconds. A larger square (5 mm) therefore represents 0.2 seconds.
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