BIOLOGY HOME WORK TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Here are the answers to your next biology questions:

21. Draw and label circulatory systems in mammals. I cannot draw, but I can describe the mammalian circulatory system. It is a closed, double circulatory system.

    • Closed: Blood is always contained within a network of blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries) and does not directly bathe the tissues.
    • Double: Blood passes through the heart twice for each complete circuit of the body.
      • Pulmonary Circulation: Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and returns oxygenated blood to the heart.
      • Systemic Circulation: Carries oxygenated blood from the heart to all other body parts and returns deoxygenated blood to the heart. The main components are the heart (a four-chambered pump), blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), and blood (the transport medium).

22. Draw and label the internal structure of the mammalian heart. I cannot draw, but I can describe the internal structure of the mammalian heart:

    • Four Chambers:
      • Right Atrium: Receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the superior and inferior vena cava.
      • Right Ventricle: Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.
      • Left Atrium: Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.
      • Left Ventricle: Pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body via the aorta.
    • Valves: These prevent backflow of blood.
      • Tricuspid Valve: Between the right atrium and right ventricle.
      • Pulmonary Valve: Between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
      • Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve: Between the left atrium and left ventricle.
      • Aortic Valve: Between the left ventricle and the aorta.
    • Septum: A muscular wall that divides the heart into right and left sides, preventing the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. It includes the interatrial septum and interventricular septum.
    • Major Blood Vessels: The vena cavae (superior and inferior), pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, and aorta are directly connected to the heart chambers.