Diagram of the human eye, label the parts and explain pupillary dilation and how to treat common vision problems.

Here are the answers to Question 16:

16.1

• 2: Cornea
• 3: Lens
• 4: Suspensory ligaments
• 5: Ciliary body

16.2
The process is called pupillary dilation.
This occurs when the radial muscles of the iris contract, pulling the pupil (part 1) open. This reflex is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system and happens in response to low light conditions or certain emotional states, allowing more light to enter the eye.

16.3

• a) Long-sightedness: Can be treated by wearing spectacles or contact lenses with convex lenses.
• b) Astigmatism: Can be treated by wearing spectacles or contact lenses with cylindrical lenses (also known as toric lenses).
• c) Cataract: Can be treated by surgically removing the cloudy natural lens and replacing it with an artificial intraocular lens.
• d) Short-sightedness: Can be treated by wearing spectacles or contact lenses with concave lenses.