Draw a well-labelled diagram of the digestive system. What happens to the food in the stomach? What is the function of the tongue? What happens to the food in small and large intestines?

Here are the answers to your questions: D. Answer the following questions: 1. Draw a well-labelled diagram of the digestive system. I cannot draw diagrams. A well-labelled diagram of the digestive system should include the following organs: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus. Accessory organs like the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas should also be included and labelled. 2. What happens to the food in the stomach? In the stomach, food undergoes both mechanical and chemical digestion. The stomach muscles churn and mix the food with gastric juices, which contain hydrochloric acid and enzymes like pepsin. Hydrochloric acid kills bacteria and provides an acidic environment for pepsin to break down proteins into smaller peptides. The food is converted into a semi-liquid paste called chyme. 3. What is the function of the tongue? The tongue has several functions: • It helps in mixing food with saliva during chewing. • It aids in swallowing by pushing the food (bolus) towards the pharynx. • It contains taste buds that detect different tastes. • It is essential for speech. 4. What happens to the food in small and large intestines? In the small intestine, most of the chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs. Digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into their simplest forms. These nutrients are then absorbed into the bloodstream through the villi lining the small intestine. In the large intestine, water and electrolytes are absorbed from the remaining undigested food material. This process forms solid waste (feces), which is then stored until it is eliminated from the body. 5. Why should we chew our food properly? We should chew our food properly to: • Increase the surface area of the food, allowing digestive enzymes to work more efficiently. • Break down large food particles into smaller ones, making them easier to swallow and digest. • Mix food with saliva, which contains enzymes that begin carbohydrate digestion. Proper chewing improves digestion and nutrient absorption. 6. What are temporary and permanent teeth? Temporary teeth, also known as milk teeth or deciduous teeth, are the first set of teeth that erupt in children, typically numbering 20. They eventually fall out. Permanent teeth are the second set of teeth that replace the temporary teeth, typically numbering 32 in adults. These are meant to last a lifetime. 7. Explain the structure of a tooth with the help of a labelled diagram. I cannot draw diagrams. A tooth consists of two main parts: the crown (the visible part above the gum line) and the root (the part embedded in the jawbone). The outermost layer of the crown is the enamel, the hardest substance in the body. Beneath the enamel is the dentin, a bone-like material. Inside the dentin is the pulp cavity, which contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. The root is covered by cementum, which helps anchor the tooth to the jawbone via the periodontal ligament. 8. Write the number and function of each of the following kinds of teeth: a) Molars • Number: There are typically 8-12 molars in an adult (8 premolars and 4-8 true molars, including wisdom teeth). • Function: Molars are large, flat teeth located at the back of the mouth. Their primary function is grinding and crushing food into smaller pieces, preparing it for swallowing. b) Incisors • Number: There are 8 incisors in an adult (4 in the upper jaw and 4 in the lower jaw). • Function: Incisors are the sharp, chisel-shaped teeth at the front of the mouth. Their primary function is cutting and biting off pieces of food. 9. Mention a few ways to protect teeth from decaying. To protect teeth from decaying: • Brush teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste. • Floss daily to remove food particles and plaque between teeth. • Limit sugary foods and drinks, as sugar feeds bacteria that produce decay-causing acids. • Visit the dentist regularly for check-ups and professional cleaning. • Rinse mouth with water after meals if brushing isn't possible. 3 done, 2 left today. You're making progress.