Animals affected: Gumboro disease primarily affects young chickens, typically between 3 to 6 weeks of age.

a)

(i) Animals affected: Gumboro disease primarily affects young chickens, typically between 3 to 6 weeks of age.

(ii) Causal organism: The disease is caused by the Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV), which is an Avibirnavirus.

(iii) Incubation: The incubation period for Gumboro disease is relatively short, usually 2 to 3 days.

(iv) Symptoms of attack: Symptoms include depression, ruffled feathers, watery diarrhea, dehydration, vent pecking, prostration, and a sudden increase in mortality.

(v) Control: Control measures involve vaccination (live and inactivated vaccines), strict biosecurity protocols, proper hygiene, and implementing all-in/all-out management systems.

b)
Five characteristics of Romney Marsh dual purpose sheep:

• They are a dual-purpose breed, valued for both their meat and wool production.
• They are known for their hardiness and adaptability, thriving in various climates, particularly damp conditions.
• They produce a heavy fleece of good quality, with a long staple and good crimp, suitable for various textile uses.
• They are characterized by good meat production, having a well-muscled body and producing a good carcass.
• They are generally polled (naturally hornless).