Identify labelled parts G and J, state which labelled part generates new cells, discuss cell differentiation in region H, and suggest a meristematic structure for secondary growth.

a) Identify the parts labelled G and J.

• G: Root hair
• J: Root cap

b) Which labelled part in Figure 3 is responsible for generating new cells?

• I (This is the region of cell division/apical meristem).

c) Region H is responsible for cell differentiation.

• (i) Apart from vascular bundles, state two other cell types differentiated by region H.
  1. Epidermis
  2. Cortex
• (ii) State two types of cells found in a vascular bundle.
  1. Xylem
  2. Phloem
• (iii) Which named type of cells in (c) (ii) allows movement of substances upwards and downwards depending on the needs of the plant?
  • Phloem

d) Suggest one meristematic structure, not in the diagram, responsible for bringing about secondary growth in dicotyledonous plants.

• Vascular cambium