This biology question covers important biological concepts and processes. The step-by-step explanation below helps you understand the underlying mechanisms and reasoning.
ScanSolve AI Answer
Swallowing, or deglutition, is a complex process involving voluntary and involuntary actions to move food or liquid from the mouth to the stomach. It can be divided into three phases: 1. Oral Phase (Voluntary) The tongue pushes food or liquid backward into the pharynx*. The soft palate rises to seal off the nasal cavity, preventing food from entering the nose. 2. Pharyngeal Phase (Involuntary) The epiglottis covers the opening of the larynx (windpipe) to prevent aspiration into the lungs. The vocal cords also close. The pharyngeal muscles contract, propelling the bolus downward. The upper esophageal sphincter relaxes, allowing the bolus to enter the esophagus. 3. Esophageal Phase (Involuntary) Peristalsis*, a series of wave-like muscular contractions, moves the bolus down the esophagus. The lower esophageal sphincter relaxes to allow the bolus to enter the stomach. That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.