Provide answers for the following biology questions, including definitions of taxonomy and microbiology, explanations of metabolic rate differences between animals, the conditions for lactic acid form

Here are the solutions to the questions: 1. a) The branch of Biology that involves the study of organisms for the sake of classifying them is Taxonomy. b) The branch of Biology that involves the study of microscopic organisms is Microbiology. 2. a) Smaller animals, like the mouse, have a larger surface area to volume ratio compared to larger animals, like the dog. This leads to greater heat loss from their bodies. To maintain a constant body temperature, smaller animals must have a higher metabolic rate per unit of body mass to generate more heat. Therefore, a mouse requires significantly more energy per kilogram of body weight than a dog. b) Lactic acid is formed in human muscles under anaerobic conditions. This occurs during intense physical activity when the oxygen supply to the muscles is insufficient for complete aerobic respiration. 3. The diagram shows a chloroplast. a) The function of the organelle is to carry out photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy (glucose). b) (i) Oxygen gas is produced as a by-product in the thylakoids. (ii) Carbon (IV) oxide is used in the stroma. 4. Homeostasis is the process by which living organisms maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. Three processes in humans involved in homeostasis are: Thermoregulation: Regulation of body temperature. Osmoregulation: Regulation of water and salt balance. Blood glucose regulation: Regulation of blood sugar levels. That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.