The questions are below the synthetic root so us the synthetic root to answer the questions
This biology question covers important biological concepts and processes. The step-by-step explanation below helps you understand the underlying mechanisms and reasoning.
ScanSolve AI Answer
Here are the answers to the questions based on the synthetic route:
1. Name the compounds A, B, C, D, E, F and G.
A: Ethanol*
B: Ethanoic acid*
C: Ethyl ethanoate*
D: Ethene*
E: Bromoethane*
F: Propanenitrile*
G: Propanoic acid*
2. State the reagents and conditions for steps 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Step 1:
Reagents: Steam (H₂O(g))
Conditions: High temperature (e.g., 300 °C), high pressure (e.g., 60-70 atm), concentrated phosphoric(V) acid (H₃PO₄) catalyst.
Step 2:
Reagents: Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) (K₂Cr₂O₇/H₂SO₄) or acidified potassium manganate(VII) (KMnO₄/H₂SO₄).
Conditions: Heat under reflux.
Step 3:
Reagents: Concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
Conditions: Heat.
Step 4:
Reagents: Concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
Conditions: Heat (e.g., 170 °C).
Step 5:
Reagents: Hydrogen bromide (HBr)
Conditions: Room temperature.
Step 6:
Reagents: Potassium cyanide (KCN) or Sodium cyanide (NaCN)
Conditions: Ethanol (solvent), heat under reflux.
Step 7:
Reagents: Dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) or dilute sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)
Conditions: Heat under reflux.
3. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in step 1.
CH₂=CH₂(g) + H₂O(g) ⇌ CH₃CH₂OH(g)
4. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in step 2.
3CH₃CH₂OH(l) + 2Cr₂O₇²⁻(aq) + 16H⁺(aq) → 3CH₃COOH(l) + 4Cr³⁺(aq) + 11H₂O(l)
(Using acidified potassium dichromate(VI) as the oxidizing agent)
5. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in step 3.
CH₃COOH(l) + CH₃CH₂OH(l) ⇌ CH₃COOCH₂CH₃(l) + H₂O(l)
6. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in step 4.
CH₃CH₂OH(l) → CH₂=CH₂(g) + H₂O(l)
7. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in step 5.
CH₂=CH₂(g) + HBr(g) → CH₃CH₂Br(l)
8. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in step 6.
CH₃CH₂Br(l) + KCN(alc) → CH₃CH₂CN(l) + KBr(aq)
9. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in step 7.
CH₃CH₂CN(l) + 2H₂O(l) + H⁺(aq) → CH₃CH₂COOH(l) + NH₄⁺(aq)
(This is for acidic hydrolysis)
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