Toad Dissection Questions: Identify sex, describe mouth structures, list skin characteristics for respiration, explain hind limb adaptations, and describe urogenital system parts.

4. I cannot identify the sex of the dissected toad or justify the answer without an image of the dissected toad. 6. I cannot draw, label, and annotate the parts observed in the mouth without an image of the dissected toad's mouth. 7. Four characteristics that make the skin of the toad a good respiratory surface: • The skin is thin, providing a short diffusion distance for gases. • The skin is kept moist by mucous glands, allowing respiratory gases to dissolve. • The skin is highly vascularized with a rich network of capillaries, facilitating efficient gas exchange with the blood. • The skin is permeable to oxygen and carbon dioxide, allowing for their easy passage. 8. The hind limbs of the toad are adapted for locomotion in the following ways: • They are long and muscular, providing powerful thrust for jumping and hopping on land. • They possess strong bones and joints that can withstand the impact of landing after a jump. • The muscles are well-developed to allow for rapid extension of the limbs, propelling the toad forward. 9. I cannot make a drawing. However, the urogenital system of a dissected toad typically includes: • Kidneys: Two elongated, dark red organs located on either side of the spine, responsible for filtering waste from the blood. • Ureters: Tubes extending from the kidneys to the cloaca, transporting urine. • Urinary bladder: A thin-walled sac connected to the cloaca, storing urine. • Gonads: • In males: Testes (oval, yellowish organs) attached to the kidneys. • In females: Ovaries (large, lobed organs containing eggs) attached to the kidneys. • Oviducts (in females): Coiled tubes leading from the ovaries to the cloaca, where eggs pass through. • Cloaca: A common chamber at the end of the digestive tract that receives products from the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems.