Identify X and Y. State the observation made at electrode X. In the absence of heat the set up did not work…

Question

Identify X and Y. State the observation made at electrode X. In the absence of heat the set up did not work. Explain. Write an equation taking place at Y. State one application of the process above.

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i) Step 1: Identify the terminals of the power source. The longer line is positive, and the shorter line is negative. Step 2: Identify the electrodes connected to each terminal. Electrode X is connected to the positive terminal, making it the anode. Electrode Y is connected to the negative terminal, making it the cathode. X: Anode Y: Cathode ii) Step 1: At electrode X (anode), oxidation occurs. The negative bromide ions (Br^−) are attracted to the positive anode. Step 2: Bromide ions lose electrons to form bromine gas. 2Br^− (l) Br₂ (g) + 2e^− Observation: Reddish-brown fumes are produced. iii) Step 1: In the solid state, ionic compounds like PbBr₂ have their ions held in fixed positions within a crystal lattice. Step 2: For electrolysis to occur, ions must be mobile to carry electric charge. Without heat, the PbBr₂ remains solid, and its ions are immobile. Explanation: Solid PbBr₂ does not conduct electricity because its ions are not free to move. Heating melts the PbBr₂, allowing the ions to become mobile and conduct electricity. iv) Step 1: At electrode Y (cathode), reduction occurs. The positive lead ions (Pb²⁺) are attracted to the negative cathode. Step 2: Lead ions gain electrons to form lead metal. Equation: Pb²⁺ (l) + 2e^− Pb (l) v) Step 1: The process shown is the electrolysis of a molten ionic compound. This method is used to extract reactive metals from their ores. Application: Extraction of reactive metals (e.g., aluminium, sodium, or lead).

Identify X and Y. State the observation made at electrode X. In the absence of heat the set up did not work. Explain. Write an equation taking place at Y. State one application of the process above.

Step-by-step solution

Part i· 2 steps

Identify the terminals of the power source.

Identify the electrodes connected to each terminal.

Part ii· 2 steps

At electrode X (anode), oxidation occurs.

Bromide ions lose electrons to form bromine gas.

Part iii· 2 steps

In the solid state, ionic compounds like $\text{PbBr}_2$ have their ions held in fixed positions within a crystal lattice.

For electrolysis to occur, ions must be mobile to carry electric charge.

Part iv· 2 steps

At electrode Y (cathode), reduction occurs.

Lead ions gain electrons to form lead metal.

Part v· 1 step

The process shown is the electrolysis of a molten ionic compound.

Still stuck on this one?

Identify X and Y. State the observation made at electrode X. In the absence of heat the set up did not work. Explain. Write an equation taking place at Y. State one application of the process above.

Step-by-step solution

Part i· 2 steps

Identify the terminals of the power source.

Identify the electrodes connected to each terminal.

Part ii· 2 steps

At electrode X (anode), oxidation occurs.

Bromide ions lose electrons to form bromine gas.

Part iii· 2 steps

In the solid state, ionic compounds like PbBr2\text{PbBr}_2PbBr2​ have their ions held in fixed positions within a crystal lattice.

For electrolysis to occur, ions must be mobile to carry electric charge.

Part iv· 2 steps

At electrode Y (cathode), reduction occurs.

Lead ions gain electrons to form lead metal.

Part v· 1 step

The process shown is the electrolysis of a molten ionic compound.

Still stuck on this one?

In the solid state, ionic compounds like $\text{PbBr}_2$ have their ions held in fixed positions within a crystal lattice.