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Chemistry

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Answer

78.6 g78.6 \text{ g}

Step-by-step solution

6 steps
  1. Write and balance the chemical equation.

    The combustion of ethane (\ceC2H6\ce{C2H6}) with oxygen (\ceO2\ce{O2}) produces carbon dioxide (\ceCO2\ce{CO2}) and water (\ceH2O\ce{H2O}).
    The unbalanced equation is: \ceC2H6+O2−>CO2+H2O\ce{C2H6 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O}
    Balancing the equation:
    \ce2C2H6+7O2−>4CO2+6H2O\ce{2C2H6 + 7O2 -> 4CO2 + 6H2O}

  2. Calculate the molar masses of reactants and products.

    Molar mass of \ceC2H6\ce{C2H6}: (2×12.01)+(6×1.008)=24.02+6.048=30.068 g/mol(2 \times 12.01) + (6 \times 1.008) = 24.02 + 6.048 = 30.068 \text{ g/mol}
    Molar mass of \ceO2\ce{O2}: 2×16.00=32.00 g/mol2 \times 16.00 = 32.00 \text{ g/mol}
    Molar mass of \ceCO2\ce{CO2}: 12.01+(2×16.00)=12.01+32.00=44.01 g/mol12.01 + (2 \times 16.00) = 12.01 + 32.00 = 44.01 \text{ g/mol}

  3. Convert the given masses of reactants to moles.

    Given mass of \ceC2H6=100 g\ce{C2H6} = 100 \text{ g}
    Given mass of \ceO2=100 g\ce{O2} = 100 \text{ g}

    Moles of \ceC2H6\ce{C2H6}:

    n\ceC2H6=100 g30.068 g/mol=3.32579 moln_{\ce{C2H6}} = \frac{100 \text{ g}}{30.068 \text{ g/mol}} = 3.32579 \text{ mol}

    Moles of \ceO2\ce{O2}:

    n\ceO2=100 g32.00 g/mol=3.125 moln_{\ce{O2}} = \frac{100 \text{ g}}{32.00 \text{ g/mol}} = 3.125 \text{ mol}
  4. Determine the limiting reactant.

    To find the limiting reactant, divide the moles of each reactant by its stoichiometric coefficient from the balanced equation (\ce2C2H6+7O2−>4CO2+6H2O\ce{2C2H6 + 7O2 -> 4CO2 + 6H2O}).

    For \ceC2H6\ce{C2H6}:

    3.32579 mol2=1.662895\frac{3.32579 \text{ mol}}{2} = 1.662895

    For \ceO2\ce{O2}:

    3.125 mol7=0.446428\frac{3.125 \text{ mol}}{7} = 0.446428

    Since 0.446428<1.6628950.446428 < 1.662895, \ceO2\ce{O2} is the limiting reactant.

  5. Calculate the moles of \ceCO2\ce{CO2} produced using the limiting reactant.

    From the balanced equation, 7 moles of \ceO2\ce{O2} produce 4 moles of \ceCO2\ce{CO2}.

    n\ceCO2=n\ceO2×4 mol \ceCO27 mol \ceO2n_{\ce{CO2}} = n_{\ce{O2}} \times \frac{4 \text{ mol } \ce{CO2}}{7 \text{ mol } \ce{O2}} n\ceCO2=3.125 mol \ceO2×47=1.785714 mol \ceCO2n_{\ce{CO2}} = 3.125 \text{ mol } \ce{O2} \times \frac{4}{7} = 1.785714 \text{ mol } \ce{CO2}
  6. Convert the moles of \ceCO2\ce{CO2} to mass.

    Mass\ceCO2=n\ceCO2×Molar mass\ceCO2\text{Mass}_{\ce{CO2}} = n_{\ce{CO2}} \times \text{Molar mass}_{\ce{CO2}} Mass\ceCO2=1.785714 mol×44.01 g/mol=78.5899 g\text{Mass}_{\ce{CO2}} = 1.785714 \text{ mol} \times 44.01 \text{ g/mol} = 78.5899 \text{ g}

    Rounding to three significant figures (based on the given masses of 100 g):

    Mass\ceCO2=78.6 g\text{Mass}_{\ce{CO2}} = 78.6 \text{ g}

    The mass of \ceCO2\ce{CO2} produced is 78.6 g\boxed{78.6 \text{ g}}.

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