1.1 A group of similar cells adapted for a particular function:

1.1 A group of similar cells adapted for a particular function:

• Tissue

1.2 A permanent tissue that lines the surfaces of roots, stem and leaves:

• Epidermis

1.3 Movement of particles from a high to a low concentration:

• Diffusion

1.4 A tissue that is actively dividing by mitosis to form new cells in plants:

• Meristematic tissue

1.5 Tissue in plants that conducts water and mineral salts:

• Xylem

1.6 Elongated, living cells that transport the dissolved food in phloem tissue:

• Sieve tube elements

1.7 Movement of water from a high water potential to a low water potential across a differentially permeable membrane until dynamic equilibrium is reached:

• Osmosis

1.8 The force that moves water into the leaf cells from the xylem vessels to replace the water lost due to transpiration:

• Transpiration pull

1.9 The pressure that forces water to move through the roots and up the stem of a plant:

• Root pressure

1.10 Apparatus used to measure the rate of transpiration:

• Potometer

1.11 A pore in the epidermis of the leaf between two guard cells:

• Stoma

1.12 Loss of water vapour through the stomata:

• Transpiration

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Activity 4

4.1 Define the term meristematic tissue.

• Meristematic tissue is a type of plant tissue composed of undifferentiated cells that are capable of continuous cell division (mitosis), leading to growth in plants.

4.3 (a) Give TWO functions of parenchyma cells.

• Healing and repair (as stated in the extract).
• Storage of food and water. (Also, they can act as a source of meristematic cells for regeneration, as mentioned in the extract).

4.4 (b) Explain why some of the parenchyma cells on the inside of the wound will remain undifferentiated.

• Some parenchyma cells remain undifferentiated to serve as a reserve of totipotent cells. This allows the plant to respond to future damage or stress by differentiating these cells into any required tissue for further repair or growth, maintaining the plant's regenerative capacity.

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Activity 6

6.1 Give the LETTER and NAME of the tissue which:

• (a) transports water and minerals up a plant:
  • Letter: B
  • Name: Xylem
• (b) provides mechanical support to the plant:
  • Letter: C
  • Name: Sclerenchyma

6.2 Explain TWO ways in which tissue B is structurally suited for its function.

• Tissue B is xylem. Its function is water transport and mechanical support.
  • Xylem vessels have lignified walls, which provide structural strength to prevent collapse under the tension of the transpiration pull and offer mechanical support to the plant.
  • Xylem vessels are hollow tubes with no cross-walls, forming a continuous pipeline that allows for the efficient and uninterrupted flow of water from roots to leaves.