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Given the scalar function f(x,y,z) = x² + y.

Computer Science

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Answer

2xi+j\mathbf{2x \mathbf{i} + \mathbf{j}}

2\mathbf{2}

0\mathbf{0}

Step-by-step solution

3 steps

Given the scalar function f(x,y,z)=x2+yf(x,y,z) = x^2 + y.

  1. Find the gradient of ff.

    The gradient of a scalar function ff is given by:

    ∇f=∂f∂xi+∂f∂yj+∂f∂zk\nabla f = \frac{\partial f}{\partial x} \mathbf{i} + \frac{\partial f}{\partial y} \mathbf{j} + \frac{\partial f}{\partial z} \mathbf{k}

    First, calculate the partial derivatives:

    ∂f∂x=∂∂x(x2+y)=2x\frac{\partial f}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x}(x^2 + y) = 2x ∂f∂y=∂∂y(x2+y)=1\frac{\partial f}{\partial y} = \frac{\partial}{\partial y}(x^2 + y) = 1 ∂f∂z=∂∂z(x2+y)=0\frac{\partial f}{\partial z} = \frac{\partial}{\partial z}(x^2 + y) = 0

    Substitute these into the gradient formula:

    ∇f=2xi+1j+0k\nabla f = 2x \mathbf{i} + 1 \mathbf{j} + 0 \mathbf{k} ∇f=2xi+j\nabla f = 2x \mathbf{i} + \mathbf{j}

    The gradient of ff is 2xi+j\boxed{\mathbf{2x \mathbf{i} + \mathbf{j}}}.

  2. Find the divergence.

    Divergence is defined for a vector field. Assuming the question asks for the divergence of the gradient of ff, which is ∇⋅(∇f)\nabla \cdot (\nabla f).
    Let F=∇f=2xi+j+0k\mathbf{F} = \nabla f = 2x \mathbf{i} + \mathbf{j} + 0 \mathbf{k}.
    The divergence of a vector field F=Pi+Qj+Rk\mathbf{F} = P \mathbf{i} + Q \mathbf{j} + R \mathbf{k} is given by:

    ∇⋅F=∂P∂x+∂Q∂y+∂R∂z\nabla \cdot \mathbf{F} = \frac{\partial P}{\partial x} + \frac{\partial Q}{\partial y} + \frac{\partial R}{\partial z}

    Here, P=2xP = 2x, Q=1Q = 1, and R=0R = 0.
    Calculate the partial derivatives:

    ∂P∂x=∂∂x(2x)=2\frac{\partial P}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x}(2x) = 2 ∂Q∂y=∂∂y(1)=0\frac{\partial Q}{\partial y} = \frac{\partial}{\partial y}(1) = 0 ∂R∂z=∂∂z(0)=0\frac{\partial R}{\partial z} = \frac{\partial}{\partial z}(0) = 0

    Substitute these into the divergence formula:

    ∇⋅(∇f)=2+0+0=2\nabla \cdot (\nabla f) = 2 + 0 + 0 = 2

    The divergence of the gradient of ff is 2\boxed{\mathbf{2}}.

  3. Find the curl.

    Curl is defined for a vector field. Assuming the question asks for the curl of the gradient of ff, which is ∇×(∇f)\nabla \times (\nabla f).
    Let F=∇f=2xi+j+0k\mathbf{F} = \nabla f = 2x \mathbf{i} + \mathbf{j} + 0 \mathbf{k}.
    The curl of a vector field F=Pi+Qj+Rk\mathbf{F} = P \mathbf{i} + Q \mathbf{j} + R \mathbf{k} is given by:

    ∇×F=(∂R∂y−∂Q∂z)i+(∂P∂z−∂R∂x)j+(∂Q∂x−∂P∂y)k\nabla \times \mathbf{F} = \left(\frac{\partial R}{\partial y} - \frac{\partial Q}{\partial z}\right) \mathbf{i} + \left(\frac{\partial P}{\partial z} - \frac{\partial R}{\partial x}\right) \mathbf{j} + \left(\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x} - \frac{\partial P}{\partial y}\right) \mathbf{k}

    Here, P=2xP = 2x, Q=1Q = 1, and R=0R = 0.
    Calculate the partial derivatives:

    ∂R∂y=∂∂y(0)=0\frac{\partial R}{\partial y} = \frac{\partial}{\partial y}(0) = 0 ∂Q∂z=∂∂z(1)=0\frac{\partial Q}{\partial z} = \frac{\partial}{\partial z}(1) = 0 ∂P∂z=∂∂z(2x)=0\frac{\partial P}{\partial z} = \frac{\partial}{\partial z}(2x) = 0 ∂R∂x=∂∂x(0)=0\frac{\partial R}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x}(0) = 0 ∂Q∂x=∂∂x(1)=0\frac{\partial Q}{\partial x} = \frac{\partial}{\partial x}(1) = 0 ∂P∂y=∂∂y(2x)=0\frac{\partial P}{\partial y} = \frac{\partial}{\partial y}(2x) = 0

    Substitute these into the curl formula:

    ∇×(∇f)=(0−0)i+(0−0)j+(0−0)k=0i+0j+0k\nabla \times (\nabla f) = (0 - 0) \mathbf{i} + (0 - 0) \mathbf{j} + (0 - 0) \mathbf{k} = 0 \mathbf{i} + 0 \mathbf{j} + 0 \mathbf{k} ∇×(∇f)=0\nabla \times (\nabla f) = \mathbf{0}

    The curl of the gradient of ff is 0\boxed{\mathbf{0}}.

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