Q12: Matching Questions: Network Protocols. Match each protocol in Column A with its correct function in Column B and its OSI layer in Column C. Q13: Memory Management. Which of the following best des

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Q12: Matching Questions: Network Protocols

Match each protocol in Column A with its correct function in Column B and its OSI layer in Column C.

• 1. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

  • Function: Translates web pages between browser and web server.
  • OSI Layer: Application Layer (Layer 7).
  • Match: 1 - B - 1

• 2. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

  • Function: Ensures reliable, ordered delivery of data between devices.
  • OSI Layer: Transport Layer (Layer 4).
  • Match: 2 - D - 2

• 3. ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)

  • Function: Reports network errors and diagnostics (e.g., ping).
  • OSI Layer: Network Layer (Layer 3).
  • Match: 3 - C - 3

• Unmatched Function: A (Translates domain names into IP addresses) corresponds to DNS (Domain Name System), which is not listed in Column A.

Q13: Memory Management

Which of the following best describes the difference between a logical memory address and a physical memory address?

• A) Physical address is generated by the CPU, while logical address is mapped by the memory management unit (MMU).

  • Incorrect. Logical addresses are generated by the CPU.

• B) Logical and physical addresses may appear identical in systems without memory management, but conceptually they are distinct.

  • Incorrect. Even without an MMU, they are often distinct, and the conceptual distinction is always there.

• C) Logical address is generated by the CPU, while physical address refers to the actual location in memory.

  • Correct. The CPU generates logical addresses, which are then translated by the MMU into physical addresses, representing the actual hardware location in RAM.

• D) Logical address is the programmer's view of memory, while physical address is the hardware's view of memory.

  • Correct. This is also a very accurate description. The logical address is what the program "sees" and uses, while the physical address is where the data actually resides in the hardware.

Both C and D are correct descriptions. However, C provides a more direct explanation of how they are generated and what they refer to in terms of location. D describes the perspective of each. In the context of "difference between," C is often considered the more fundamental technical distinction. If only one answer can be chosen, C is typically preferred for its directness regarding generation and location. If multiple answers are allowed, both C and D are valid. Assuming a single best answer is required:

The most comprehensive and technically precise answer is C.

• Logical address: Generated by the CPU, it's a virtual address that the program uses.
• Physical address: The actual address in the main memory (RAM) where data is stored. The Memory Management Unit (MMU) translates logical addresses into physical addresses.

Therefore, the best description is:
C) Logical address is generated by the CPU, while physical address refers to the actual location in memory.