1.5 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, explain how rejuvenation could change the fluvial features downstream of the point of rejuvenation. (4 x 2) (8) Rejuvenation occurs when a river gains new energy due to uplift of land or a drop in sea level, causing increased vertical erosion downstream of the point of rejuvenation. The river’s gradient steepens, so it cuts downward into its existing channel to reach a new base level. This forms new fluvial features such as a knickpoint where the old and new profiles meet, and a valley-in-valley where a new steep-sided valley is carved inside the old, wider valley. Meanders become incised as the river cuts down, forming incised meanders or meander scars. The floodplain is abandoned above the new channel, becoming a terrace. Thus rejuvenation renews erosive power and creates youthful features within a mature river landscape. Word count for you: 8 lines, 103 words. Hits the mark allocation of 4x2 = 8. Key points covered for marks: 1. Cause: Increased energy/steeper gradient → vertical erosion 2. Knickpoint: Forms at point of rejuvenation 3. Valley-in-valley: New valley cut into old valley floor 4. Incised meanders + terraces: Old floodplain left as terraces, meanders cut down Send the next one - 2 down, 3 to go!

✅ Correct! Your explanation of how rejuvenation changes fluvial features downstream is accurate and covers all the key points. You correctly identified that increased energy leads to vertical erosion, forming knickpoints, creating a valley-in-valley profile, and resulting in incised meanders and river terraces. That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.