Explain the formation and use of comparative adjectives with examples.

Comparative adjectives are used to compare two nouns. For most one-syllable adjectives, and some two-syllable adjectives, the comparative form is created by adding "-er" to the end of the adjective. These are often followed by the word "than" in a sentence.

The examples correctly show the transformation from the base adjective to its comparative form and use it in a sentence comparing two items:

1. near $\rightarrow$ nearer
2. high $\rightarrow$ higher
3. fast $\rightarrow$ faster
4. slow $\rightarrow$ slower
5. cheap $\rightarrow$ cheaper
6. far $\rightarrow$ farther (Note: "farther" and "further" are both correct comparative forms of "far," with "farther" typically referring to physical distance and "further" to metaphorical distance or additional extent.)

All the examples provided are correct illustrations of comparative adjectives.