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Section A: Case Study 2 – The Fruit Seller Q1. What was the total cost price? Step 1: To find the total cost price, multiply the quantity of mangoes bought by the price per kg. Total Cost Price = 150 kg × Rs. 40/kg Step 2: Calculate the total cost price. Total Cost Price = Rs. 6000 Total Cost Price: Rs. 6000 Q2. What was the total selling price? Step 1: To find the total selling price, multiply the quantity of mangoes sold by the selling price per kg. Total Selling Price = 120 kg × Rs. 65/kg Step 2: Calculate the total selling price. Total Selling Price = Rs. 7800 Total Selling Price: Rs. 7800 Q3. How many kg became rotten? What was the loss on them? Step 1: To find the quantity of rotten mangoes, subtract the quantity sold from the total quantity bought. Rotten Mangoes = 150 kg - 120 kg Rotten Mangoes = 30 kg Step 2: To calculate the loss on the rotten mangoes, multiply the quantity of rotten mangoes by the cost price per kg. Loss = 30 kg × Rs. 40/kg Loss = Rs. 1200 Rotten quantity: 30 kg Loss on them: Rs. 1200 Q4. Did the seller make a net profit or loss? How much? Step 1: To find the net profit or loss, subtract the total cost price from the total selling price. Net Profit/Loss = Total Selling Price - Total Cost Price Net Profit/Loss = Rs. 7800 - Rs. 6000 Step 2: Calculate the difference. Net Profit/Loss = Rs. 1800 Since the result is positive, the seller made a profit. Seller made a: Net Profit How much: Rs. 1800 Section B: Case Study 3 – Water Tank Q1. How much water was used in total? Step 1: To find the total water used, multiply the number of families by the amount of water each family used. Total Water Used = 4 families × 325 litres/family Step 2: Calculate the total water used. Total Water Used = 1300 litres Total water used: 1300 litres Q2. How much water is left in the tank? Step 1: To find the water left in the tank, subtract the total water used from the total water filled. Water Left = 2450 litres - 1300 litres Step 2: Calculate the remaining water. Water Left = 1150 litres Water left in the tank: 1150 litres Q3. If a 5th family needs 200 litres, is there enough water? Explain. Step 1: Compare the water left in the tank (1150 litres) with the requirement of the 5th family (200 litres). 1150 litres > 200 litres Step 2: Conclude based on the comparison. Since the water left in the tank (1150 litres) is more than the 5th family's requirement (200 litres), there is enough water. Is there enough water: Yes Explanation: There are 1150 litres of water left in the tank, which is more than the 200 litres needed. Section C: Case Study 4 – Savings Q1. How much does Meena spend monthly? Step 1: To find Meena's total monthly spending, add up all her expenses. Total Monthly Spending = Rent + Food + Travel Total Monthly Spending = Rs. 6500 + Rs. 3200 + Rs. 1800 Step 2: Calculate the total monthly spending. Total Monthly Spending = Rs. 11500 Meena's monthly spending: Rs. 11500 Q2. How much does she save monthly? Step 1: To find Meena's monthly savings, subtract her total monthly spending from her monthly income. Monthly Savings = Monthly Income - Total Monthly Spending Monthly Savings = Rs. 15000 - Rs. 11500 Step 2: Calculate the monthly savings. Monthly Savings = Rs. 3500 Meena's monthly savings: Rs. 3500 Q3. How much will she save in 6 months? Step 1: To find her savings in 6 months, multiply her monthly savings by 6. Savings in 6 Months = Monthly Savings × 6 Savings in 6 Months = Rs. 3500 × 6 Step 2: Calculate the total savings. Savings in 6 Months = Rs. 21000 Savings in 6 months: Rs. 21000 Q4. If she wants to buy a phone for Rs 12,000, after how many months can she afford it? Step 1: To find the number of months required to buy the phone, divide the cost of the phone by her monthly savings. Months Required = Cost of PhoneMonthly Savings Months Required = Rs. 12000Rs. 3500 Step 2: Calculate the number of months and round up, as she needs to save for full months. Months Required ≈ 3.428 Since the number of months must be a whole number, she will need 4 months to afford the phone. Months to afford it: 4 months That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.