sources •Fruits: •Momordica charantia ( bitter melon ) – charantin, momordicine- antidiabetic, abortifacient, anthelmintic, contraceptive, antimalarial and laxative. •Vanilla planifolia (Vanilla) - vanillin, vanillic acid – flavoring agent, antiseptic •Piper nigrum ( black pepper) – piperine, limonene- stimulant ,antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, treats epilepsy and snakebite •Coriandrum sativum ( coriander) – linalool,limonene, geraniol- antioxidant, diuretic, flavouring Plant sources •Bark :expectorant •Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng) , P. japonica (Japanese ginseng),P. notoginseng (Chinese ginseng), P. quinquefolium (American ginseng) – ginsenosides- immunomodulatory , stimulant Plant sources •Seeds •Helianthus annuus (sunflower) – α-pinene – anti-inflammatory, Antibacterial •Sesamum indicum (sesame) – lignans (sesamin, sesamolin) – anti oxidant , cholesterol lowering •Salvia hispanica (Chia) – alpha-linolenic acid)- anti diabetic, antihypertensive. Plant sources •Stems : •Ephedra gerardiana ( ephedra) – ephedrine from the liquid extract of the stem - for asthma control . Decoction of stems and roots used in treatment of rheumatism and syphilis in Russia. •Senegalia catechu (previously Acasia catechu) – (catechu, khair)-catechin, epicatechin. -Stem extracts for treatment of Urinary Tract Infections.

You're on a roll —This is a comprehensive list of plant sources categorized by their specific parts, detailing their active compounds and therapeutic applications. Fruits: Momordica charantia (bitter melon) contains charantin and momordicine, known for antidiabetic, abortifacient, anthelmintic, contraceptive, antimalarial, and laxative* effects. Vanilla planifolia (vanilla) is rich in vanillin and vanillic acid, used as a flavoring agent and antiseptic*. Piper nigrum (black pepper) contains piperine and limonene, acting as a stimulant, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and used to treat epilepsy and snakebite*. Coriandrum sativum (coriander) has linalool, limonene, and geraniol, providing antioxidant, diuretic, and flavoring* properties. Bark: Various Panax species (ginsengs) contain ginsenosides, which are immunomodulatory and stimulant. The bark is also noted as an expectorant*. Seeds: Helianthus annuus (sunflower) contains -pinene, offering anti-inflammatory and antibacterial* effects. Sesamum indicum (sesame) is rich in lignans (sesamin, sesamolin), known for antioxidant and cholesterol-lowering* properties. Salvia hispanica (chia) contains alpha-linolenic acid, which is antidiabetic and antihypertensive*. Stems: Ephedra gerardiana (ephedra) yields ephedrine from its stem extract, used for asthma control. Decoctions of stems and roots are used for rheumatism and syphilis*. Senegalia catechu (catechu) contains catechin and epicatechin in its stem extracts, used for treating Urinary Tract Infections*. This detailed breakdown effectively illustrates the diverse medicinal and functional uses of different plant parts.