The extract uses words to paint a vivid description in the reader's mind. It is an example of imagery.

Here are the answers to your questions:

1. The extract uses words to paint a vivid description in the reader's mind. It is an example of imagery.

2. Assuming the underlined words are "scrubbing," "sore," and "stinging," they are all descriptive words that appeal to the senses (touch, sight, pain) and highlight Abigail's physical and emotional suffering.

3. Assuming the underlined words are "scrubbing," "sore," and "stinging," the primary literary device they contain is imagery.

4. "After Abigail's sobs slowly subsided, Samuel broke his silence..." The literary device found in the extract is alliteration (repetition of the 's' sound).

5. "His words were a balm to their soul..." contains the figure of speech metaphor.