u. If you had replied when I wrote that letter I would have sont the money.

Here are the analyses for the sentences:

4. "If you had replied when I wrote that letter I would have sent the money."

   • GN: It is an adverbial clause.
   • GF: It functions as an adverbial of condition, modifying the main clause.

5. "Although he didn't see us when I returned he reserved some food for us."

   • GN: It is an adverbial clause.
   • GF: It functions as an adverbial of concession, modifying the main clause.

6. "You have to wait because there is no light."

   • GN: It is an adverbial clause.
   • GF: It functions as an adverbial of reason, modifying the verb "wait".

7. "Having eaten the rice, he washed his hand."

   • GN: It is a participial phrase.
   • GF: It functions as an adverbial modifier of time/circumstance for the main clause.

8. "As soon as she heard the news she came immediately."

   • GN: It is an adverbial clause.
   • GF: It functions as an adverbial of time, modifying the main clause.

9. "The tall boy, Saidu, was her only son."

   • GN: It is a noun phrase (specifically, a proper noun).
   • GF: It functions as an appositive, renaming "The tall boy".

10. "The fruit seller that came last week is very polite."

    • GN: It is an adjectival clause (or relative clause).
    • GF: It functions as an adjectival modifier, describing the noun "fruit seller".