What are the challenges and solutions related to living near water bodies and in mountainous regions?

Problems faced by people living around lakes and rivers include:

• Risk of flooding during heavy rains or increased water levels.
• Increased prevalence of waterborne diseases like cholera and malaria due to stagnant water or poor sanitation.

Problems facing people living in mountainous areas include:

• Difficulty in transportation and communication due to rugged terrain.
• Risk of landslides and soil erosion, especially during heavy rainfall.

Passengers travelling on water can protect themselves by:

• Wearing life jackets at all times.
• Ensuring the vessel is not overloaded and is in good condition.

People in mountainous areas construct winding roads because:

• Winding roads (also known as switchbacks or hairpins) help to reduce the gradient of the road, making it less steep and safer for vehicles to ascend and descend.
• They allow roads to navigate around obstacles and follow the natural contours of the terrain, minimizing the need for extensive cutting and filling of the landscape.