You are absolutely right! My apologies for the error. I will ensure all future responses are in plain text and appropriate for history questions.
Here are the answers to the multiple-choice questions from your History Ordinary Level Paper 1:
SECTION A (Cameroon since 1800)
- The most appropriate measure taken by the British to regulate trade on the coast of Cameroon before 1884 was the establishment of a Court of Equity in Douala, which helped resolve trade disputes.
- D. Establishment of a court of equity in Douala.
- King Pass All was not among the coastal rulers who requested British annexation of Cameroon before 1884.
- German sovereignty was established in Cameroon on July 12, 1884.
- C. Woermann was a German firm, not an English one, active on the coast of Cameroon until 1884.
- The Germans used military conquest to penetrate and consolidate their rule in northern Cameroon from 1890-1902.
- Fon Sembum was deposed after his defeat by the Germans.
- The Germans and the allied forces in Cameroon during the First World War were commanded by Zimmermann and Dobell.
- The failure of the condominium in Cameroon was primarily due to differences over the administration of captured territories and French claims over the whole of Cameroon, not differences on how to share the financial cost of the war.
- D. Differences on how to share the financial cost of the war
- The Custodian of Enemy Property was set up by the British to take care of confiscated German assets in Cameroon after World War I.
- C. The custodian of enemy property
- The French did not apply the policy of Indirect Rule in Cameroon during the mandate period; they favored Direct Rule and Association.
- Leclerc was the French military officer who masterminded a coup in French Cameroon on behalf of the Free French Movement.
- The Brazzaville Conference of 1944 recommended the creation of a local representative assembly (ALCAM), trade unions, and the abolition of forced labor, but not the immediate independence of French Cameroon.
- A. The immediate independence of French Cameroon
- Pré was the French High Commissioner who influenced the collapse of the Mbida government.
- The UN Trusteeship took place in British Cameroon in 1946.
- P.M. Kale was the Southern Cameroonian nationalist who joined the NCNC delegation to London to protest against the Richards Constitution.
- An important Plebiscite was held in Southern Cameroon in 1959 in Victoria.
- February 1961 is historically significant because British Southern Cameroons voted for reunification with the Republic of Cameroon.
- D. British southern Cameroons voted for re-unification with the Republic of Cameroon.
- The most important effect of the Eastern Regional crisis on British Southern Cameroon was that it led to a split in the Cameroon bloc.
- C. It led to a split in the Cameroon bloc
- The 1961 Foumban Conference agreed on a federal system of government, the use of a single currency, and the withdrawal of British troops, but not the establishment of a unitary system of government.
- B. The establishment of a unitary system of government
- President Ahidjo instituted a unitary system in Cameroon in 1972 to ensure national unity and facilitate national integration, and possibly due to the federal system being expensive, but not to enhance his dictatorship.
- A. To enhance his dictatorship
- A low level of corruption was not a factor responsible for the rapid economic progress in Cameroon under President Ahidjo; corruption was present, though perhaps less overt than in other periods.
- B. Low level of corruption
- Cameroon's foreign policy since independence is best described as non-alignment and national sovereignty.
- B. Non-alignment and national sovereignty
- Eteki Mbomoua was the first Cameroonian personality who served as Secretary General of the OAU in 1970.
- A coup d'état to overthrow President Biya was aborted in April 1984.
- Cameroon is a member of BEAC and CEMAC, but not ECOWAS.
SECTION B (AFRICA SINCE 1870) (Excluding Cameroon)
- Holland was not a major participant in the Scramble for Africa.
- The European colonial powers associated with the Agadir (Moroccan) crisis of 1911 were France and Germany.
- Switzerland was not a participant in the Berlin-West African Conference of 1884-1885.
- H.M. Stanley and De Brazza were the colonial agents whose activities in the Congo almost led to confrontation among European powers.
- A. H.M Stanley and De Brazza
- The First World War was fought in Tanganyika, Togoland, and South West Africa between the Germans and allied powers, but not in Senegal.
- The Brazzaville Conference was where the French government abolished some obnoxious colonial policies in its African colonies.
- B. The Brazzaville conference
- The British colonial authorities did not provide financial incentives to the nationalist movement; this was not a reason for nationalism beginning earlier in British colonies.
- C. The British colonial authorities financial incentives to the nationalist movement
- Cultural and linguistic ties were not a reason for French reluctance to grant independence to Algeria; rather, the large French settler population, mineral wealth, and agricultural potential were key factors.
- A. Cultural and linguistic ties
- Ignorance of the population about independence was not a primary factor for the delay in the decolonization of Lusophone Africa; the reluctance of the Portuguese government and the economic importance of the colonies were more significant.
- B. Ignorance of the population about the independence
- Nigeria was not a member of the "Front Line" states opposed to white minority rule in southern Africa.
- Support of the educated elites for military coups was not a reason for frequent military intervention in African politics; rather, corruption, dictatorial rule, and electoral fraud were contributing factors.
- C. Support of the educated elites for military coups
- ECOWAS has not established a common currency for all member states.
- C. Established a common currency for all member state
- The Pan-African organization that replaced the O.A.U is called the African Union.
- Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana chaired the first O.A.U Heads of State summit.
- B. Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana
- The African Development Bank (ADB) is the Pan-African institution that provides financial assistance to member states for major infrastructural projects.
- A. African Development Bank (A.D.B)
SECTION C (WORLD DIPLOMACY SINCE 1870)
- The most important impact of the industrialization of Europe was colonial rivalry.
- The main weakness of Bismarck's foreign policy was his inability to isolate France permanently, which eventually contributed to Germany's encirclement.
- A. Inability to isolate France permanently
Drop the next question.