List the characteristics of a good constitution.

Question 1

Answer · 2026-03-25T11:36:18.743Z

Here are the answers to the questions: SECTION A (20 marks) 1. Describe the two forms of constitution. (i) Written Constitution*: A constitution that is codified into a single document or a set of documents. (ii) Unwritten Constitution*: A constitution that is not codified into a single document but consists of customs, conventions, statutes, and judicial precedents. 2. State two main methods of constitution making process. (i) Constituent Assembly*: A body of representatives elected or appointed to draft or adopt a new constitution. (ii) Referendum*: A direct vote by the electorate on a proposed constitution or constitutional amendment. 3. Explain the following: (i) Colonial period*: The historical era during which a country or territory is under the political control and administration of a foreign power. (ii) Colonialism*: The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. 4. In 1890, Litunga Lewanika signed mineral loyalty treaty with BSA company called Lochner Concession. 5. Who was the last federal Prime Minister? Sir Roy Welensky. 6. The Cha ChaCha campaign took place in Northern and Luapula Provinces of Zambia. 7. When was the first Republic introduced/born? 24th October 1964. 8. In 1966; formation of United Party (UP) by Nalumino Mundia. 9. Who was the first Vice President? Reuben Chitandika Kamanga. 10. Explain the following: (i) Hatch system*: A system of land tenure in Zambia where land is held under customary law, administered by traditional leaders, and typically cannot be bought or sold. (ii) Chitupa*: A colloquial term in Zambia for a National Registration Card (NRC), which is an official identity document for citizens. (iii) Protectorate*: A state or territory that is controlled and protected by a stronger, more powerful state, often with its own internal government but without full sovereignty. 11. Zambian societies were divided into centralized and decentralized societies of governance. 12. What is the Preamble? The Preamble is an introductory statement at the beginning of a constitution that outlines the document's purpose, fundamental values, and the aspirations of the people. SECTION B (30 marks) 13. List the characteristics of a good constitution. (i) Clarity and Precision*: It should be clear, unambiguous, and easy to understand. (ii) Flexibility*: It should be adaptable to changing societal needs and circumstances through an amendment process. (iii) Supremacy*: It must be the supreme law of the land, with all other laws and actions conforming to it. (iv) Protection of Fundamental Human Rights*: It should clearly define and guarantee the rights and freedoms of citizens. (v) Separation of Powers*: It should establish distinct branches of government (legislative, executive, judiciary) with checks and balances to prevent abuse of power.

Question 2

Here are the answers to the questions: SECTION A (20 marks) 1. Describe the two forms of constitution. (i) Written Constitution*: A constitution that is codified into a single document or a set of documents. (ii) Unwritten Constitution*: A constitution that is not codified into a single document but consists of customs, conventions, statutes, and judicial precedents. 2. State two main methods of constitution making process. (i) Constituent Assembly*: A body of representatives elected or appointed to draft or adopt a new constitution. (ii) Referendum*: A direct vote by the electorate on a proposed constitution or constitutional amendment. 3. Explain the following: (i) Colonial period*: The historical era during which a country or territory is under the political control and administration of a foreign power. (ii) Colonialism*: The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. 4. In 1890, Litunga Lewanika signed mineral loyalty treaty with BSA company called Lochner Concession. 5. Who was the last federal Prime Minister? Sir Roy Welensky. 6. The Cha ChaCha campaign took place in Northern and Luapula Provinces of Zambia. 7. When was the first Republic introduced/born? 24th October 1964. 8. In 1966; formation of United Party (UP) by Nalumino Mundia. 9. Who was the first Vice President? Reuben Chitandika Kamanga. 10. Explain the following: (i) Hatch system*: A system of land tenure in Zambia where land is held under customary law, administered by traditional leaders, and typically cannot be bought or sold. (ii) Chitupa*: A colloquial term in Zambia for a National Registration Card (NRC), which is an official identity document for citizens. (iii) Protectorate*: A state or territory that is controlled and protected by a stronger, more powerful state, often with its own internal government but without full sovereignty. 11. Zambian societies were divided into centralized and decentralized societies of governance. 12. What is the Preamble? The Preamble is an introductory statement at the beginning of a constitution that outlines the document's purpose, fundamental values, and the aspirations of the people. SECTION B (30 marks) 13. List the characteristics of a good constitution. (i) Clarity and Precision*: It should be clear, unambiguous, and easy to understand. (ii) Flexibility*: It should be adaptable to changing societal needs and circumstances through an amendment process. (iii) Supremacy*: It must be the supreme law of the land, with all other laws and actions conforming to it. (iv) Protection of Fundamental Human Rights*: It should clearly define and guarantee the rights and freedoms of citizens. (v) Separation of Powers*: It should establish distinct branches of government (legislative, executive, judiciary) with checks and balances to prevent abuse of power.

List the characteristics of a good constitution.

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