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The constitution establishes several independent institutions to regulate and check the exercise of public power by the three branches. These institutions are crucial for upholding democracy and accountability. Some key examples include: The Constitutional Court* (or Supreme Court in some systems): This court acts as the ultimate check on both the legislative and executive branches by reviewing laws and government actions to ensure they comply with the constitution. The Public Protector* (or Ombudsman): This institution investigates complaints of improper conduct, maladministration, or abuse of power by organs of state, including those within the executive and legislative branches. The Auditor-General*: This office audits the financial accounts of all national, provincial, and municipal government departments and administrations, providing an independent check on how the executive branch manages public funds. The Electoral Commission*: This body manages elections, ensuring they are free and fair, thereby regulating the process by which the legislative and executive branches are formed. The Human Rights Commission*: This commission monitors and promotes human rights, investigating violations by any state organ and holding all branches accountable to constitutional human rights provisions. 3 done, 2 left today. You're making progress.