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Convert the percentage abundances to fractional abundances.

Mathematics

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Answer

35.492 amu\text{35.492 amu}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Convert the percentage abundances to fractional abundances.

    The fractional abundance is the percentage abundance divided by 100.
    For 35Cl^{35}\text{Cl}: 75.4%=75.4100=0.75475.4\% = \frac{75.4}{100} = 0.754
    For 37Cl^{37}\text{Cl}: 24.6%=24.6100=0.24624.6\% = \frac{24.6}{100} = 0.246

  2. Use the formula for average atomic mass.

    The average atomic mass is calculated by summing the products of each isotope's mass and its fractional abundance.

    Average atomic mass=(mass of isotope 1×fractional abundance of isotope 1)+(mass of isotope 2×fractional abundance of isotope 2)\text{Average atomic mass} = (\text{mass of isotope 1} \times \text{fractional abundance of isotope 1}) + (\text{mass of isotope 2} \times \text{fractional abundance of isotope 2})
  3. Substitute the given values into the formula.

    We assume the isotopic masses are approximately equal to their mass numbers, i.e., 35 amu for 35Cl^{35}\text{Cl} and 37 amu for 37Cl^{37}\text{Cl}.

    Average atomic mass=(35 amu×0.754)+(37 amu×0.246)\text{Average atomic mass} = (35 \text{ amu} \times 0.754) + (37 \text{ amu} \times 0.246)
  4. Perform the multiplication and addition.

    Average atomic mass=26.39 amu+9.102 amu\text{Average atomic mass} = 26.39 \text{ amu} + 9.102 \text{ amu} Average atomic mass=35.492 amu\text{Average atomic mass} = 35.492 \text{ amu}

    The average atomic mass of chlorine is 35.492 amu\text{35.492 amu}.

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