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Solve the equation: 9^x - 10 * 3^x + 9 = 0

Mathematics

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Answer

x=0,x=2x=0, x=2

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

The equation from the image is:

9x−10×3x+9=09^x - 10 \times 3^x + 9 = 0
  1. Rewrite the terms with a common base.

    We know that 9=329 = 3^2. So, 9x9^x can be written as (32)x=32x=(3x)2(3^2)^x = 3^{2x} = (3^x)^2.
    Substituting this into the equation:

    (3x)2−10×3x+9=0(3^x)^2 - 10 \times 3^x + 9 = 0
  2. Introduce a substitution to simplify the equation.

    Let y=3xy = 3^x. Substituting yy into the equation transforms it into a quadratic equation:

    y2−10y+9=0y^2 - 10y + 9 = 0
  3. Solve the quadratic equation for yy.

    We can factor this quadratic equation. We need two numbers that multiply to 9 and add up to −10-10. These numbers are −1-1 and −9-9.

    (y−1)(y−9)=0(y - 1)(y - 9) = 0

    This gives two possible values for yy:

    y−1=0  ⟹  y=1y - 1 = 0 \implies y = 1 y−9=0  ⟹  y=9y - 9 = 0 \implies y = 9
  4. Substitute back y=3xy = 3^x and solve for xx.

    Case 1: y=1y = 1

    3x=13^x = 1

    Since any non-zero number raised to the power of 0 is 1, we have 30=13^0 = 1.
    Therefore,

    x=0x = 0

    Case 2: y=9y = 9

    3x=93^x = 9

    Since 9=329 = 3^2, we can write:

    3x=323^x = 3^2

    Therefore,

    x=2x = 2

    The solutions for xx are 0 and 2.

    The final answers are x=0,x=2x=0, x=2.

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