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Expand the first three terms of (1+(x)/(2))10 using the binomial theorem.

Mathematics

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Answer

1+3x+54x21 + 3x + \frac{5}{4}x^2

Step-by-step solution

3 steps
  1. Expand the first three terms of (1+x2)10\left(1+\frac{x}{2}\right)^{10} using the binomial theorem.

    The binomial theorem states that (a+b)n=(n0)anb0+(n1)an−1b1+(n2)an−2b2+…(a+b)^n = \binom{n}{0}a^n b^0 + \binom{n}{1}a^{n-1}b^1 + \binom{n}{2}a^{n-2}b^2 + \dots.
    Here, a=1a=1, b=x2b=\frac{x}{2}, and n=10n=10.

    The first term is:

    (100)(1)10(x2)0=1⋅1⋅1=1\binom{10}{0}(1)^{10}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^0 = 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 = 1

    The second term is:

    (101)(1)9(x2)1=10⋅1⋅x2=5x\binom{10}{1}(1)^{9}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^1 = 10 \cdot 1 \cdot \frac{x}{2} = 5x

    The third term is:

    (102)(1)8(x2)2=10×92×1⋅1⋅x24=45⋅x24=454x2\binom{10}{2}(1)^{8}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{10 \times 9}{2 \times 1} \cdot 1 \cdot \frac{x^2}{4} = 45 \cdot \frac{x^2}{4} = \frac{45}{4}x^2

    So, the expansion of (1+x2)10\left(1+\frac{x}{2}\right)^{10} up to the third term is 1+5x+454x21 + 5x + \frac{45}{4}x^2.

  2. Multiply the expansion by (1−2x)(1-2x).

    We need to find the first three terms of (1−2x)(1+5x+454x2+… )(1-2x)\left(1 + 5x + \frac{45}{4}x^2 + \dots\right).
    Multiply each term in (1−2x)(1-2x) by the terms in the expansion, keeping only terms up to x2x^2.

    Multiply 1 by the expansion:

    1⋅(1+5x+454x2)=1+5x+454x21 \cdot \left(1 + 5x + \frac{45}{4}x^2\right) = 1 + 5x + \frac{45}{4}x^2

    Multiply −2x-2x by the expansion:

    −2x⋅(1+5x+454x2)=−2x−10x2−452x3-2x \cdot \left(1 + 5x + \frac{45}{4}x^2\right) = -2x - 10x^2 - \frac{45}{2}x^3

    We only need terms up to x2x^2, so we ignore −452x3-\frac{45}{2}x^3.

  3. Combine the terms and simplify.

    Add the results from Step 2:

    (1+5x+454x2)+(−2x−10x2)(1 + 5x + \frac{45}{4}x^2) + (-2x - 10x^2)

    Combine like terms:

    1+(5x−2x)+(454x2−10x2)1 + (5x - 2x) + \left(\frac{45}{4}x^2 - 10x^2\right) 1+3x+(454−404)x21 + 3x + \left(\frac{45}{4} - \frac{40}{4}\right)x^2 1+3x+54x21 + 3x + \frac{5}{4}x^2

    The first three terms in the binomial expansion are 1, 3x3x, and 54x2\frac{5}{4}x^2.

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