Given that g(x)=5sin2x+12cos2x, express g(x) in the form Rain(2x+alpha), where R>0 and alpha is an acute angle. Find the minimum value of 26/g(x)+15

Mathematics

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Answer

13
Graph of g(x) = 5sin(2x) + 12cos(2x)

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Key points of g(x) = 5sin(2x) + 12cos(2x)
Pointxy
Maximum−2.9413
x-intercept−2.160
Minimum−1.37−13
x-intercept−0.590
y-intercept012
Maximum0.213
x-intercept0.980
Minimum1.77−13
x-intercept2.550
Maximum3.3413

Step-by-step solution

2 steps
  1. Express g(x)g(x) in the form Rsin⁡(2x+α)R\sin(2x+\alpha).

    We are given g(x)=5sin⁡(2x)+12cos⁡(2x)g(x) = 5\sin(2x) + 12\cos(2x).
    We want to express this in the form Rsin⁡(2x+α)R\sin(2x+\alpha), where R>0R > 0 and α\alpha is an acute angle.
    Using the compound angle formula, Rsin⁡(2x+α)=R(sin⁡(2x)cos⁡α+cos⁡(2x)sin⁡α)R\sin(2x+\alpha) = R(\sin(2x)\cos\alpha + \cos(2x)\sin\alpha).

    Rsin⁡(2x+α)=(Rcos⁡α)sin⁡(2x)+(Rsin⁡α)cos⁡(2x)R\sin(2x+\alpha) = (R\cos\alpha)\sin(2x) + (R\sin\alpha)\cos(2x)

    Comparing this to 5sin⁡(2x)+12cos⁡(2x)5\sin(2x) + 12\cos(2x), we have:

    Rcos⁡α=5(1)R\cos\alpha = 5 \quad \text{(1)} Rsin⁡α=12(2)R\sin\alpha = 12 \quad \text{(2)}

    To find RR, square and add (1) and (2):

    (Rcos⁡α)2+(Rsin⁡α)2=52+122(R\cos\alpha)^2 + (R\sin\alpha)^2 = 5^2 + 12^2 R2(cos⁡2α+sin⁡2α)=25+144R^2(\cos^2\alpha + \sin^2\alpha) = 25 + 144

    Since cos⁡2α+sin⁡2α=1\cos^2\alpha + \sin^2\alpha = 1:

    R2=169R^2 = 169

    Since R>0R > 0:

    R=169=13R = \sqrt{169} = 13

    To find α\alpha, divide (2) by (1):

    Rsin⁡αRcos⁡α=125\frac{R\sin\alpha}{R\cos\alpha} = \frac{12}{5} tan⁡α=125\tan\alpha = \frac{12}{5}

    Since α\alpha is an acute angle, we find its value:

    α=arctan⁡(125)≈67.38∘\alpha = \arctan\left(\frac{12}{5}\right) \approx 67.38^\circ

    Therefore, g(x)g(x) can be expressed as:

    g(x)=13sin⁡(2x+arctan⁡(125))g(x) = 13\sin(2x + \arctan\left(\frac{12}{5}\right))

    or approximately

    g(x)=13sin⁡(2x+67.38∘)g(x) = 13\sin(2x + 67.38^\circ)
  2. Find the minimum value of 26g(x)+15\frac{26}{g(x)} + 15.

    Substitute the expression for g(x)g(x) into the given expression:

    26g(x)+15=2613sin⁡(2x+α)+15\frac{26}{g(x)} + 15 = \frac{26}{13\sin(2x+\alpha)} + 15 =2sin⁡(2x+α)+15= \frac{2}{\sin(2x+\alpha)} + 15

    The range of the sine function is −1≤sin⁡(2x+α)≤1-1 \le \sin(2x+\alpha) \le 1.
    For the expression 2sin⁡(2x+α)+15\frac{2}{\sin(2x+\alpha)} + 15 to be minimum, the term 2sin⁡(2x+α)\frac{2}{\sin(2x+\alpha)} must be minimum.
    This occurs when sin⁡(2x+α)\sin(2x+\alpha) is negative and has the largest possible magnitude, which is sin⁡(2x+α)=−1\sin(2x+\alpha) = -1.
    Substitute sin⁡(2x+α)=−1\sin(2x+\alpha) = -1 into the expression:

    Minimum value=2−1+15\text{Minimum value} = \frac{2}{-1} + 15 =−2+15= -2 + 15 =13= 13

    The minimum value of 26g(x)+15\frac{26}{g(x)} + 15 is 13\boxed{13}.

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