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Ii) Obtain the first four terms of the binomial expansion of (1 - (3)/(2)x)⁻² and find the set of values of x for which the expansion is valid.

Mathematics

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Answer

1+3x+274x2+272x31 + 3x + \frac{27}{4}x^2 + \frac{27}{2}x^3

∣x∣<23|x| < \frac{2}{3}

−23<x<23-\frac{2}{3} < x < \frac{2}{3}

Step-by-step solution

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Let's solve part (ii) of the question.

ii) Obtain the first four terms of the binomial expansion of (1−32x)−2(1 - \frac{3}{2}x)^{-2} and find the set of values of xx for which the expansion is valid.

The binomial expansion for (1+y)n(1+y)^n is given by:

(1+y)n=1+ny+n(n−1)2!y2+n(n−1)(n−2)3!y3+…(1+y)^n = 1 + ny + \frac{n(n-1)}{2!}y^2 + \frac{n(n-1)(n-2)}{3!}y^3 + \dots

In this case, y=−32xy = -\frac{3}{2}x and n=−2n = -2.

  1. Find the first four terms of the expansion.

    The first term is 1.

    The second term is nyny:

    (−2)(−32x)=3x(-2)\left(-\frac{3}{2}x\right) = 3x

    The third term is n(n−1)2!y2\frac{n(n-1)}{2!}y^2:

    (−2)(−2−1)2×1(−32x)2=(−2)(−3)2(94x2)=62(94x2)=3(94x2)=274x2\frac{(-2)(-2-1)}{2 \times 1}\left(-\frac{3}{2}x\right)^2 = \frac{(-2)(-3)}{2}\left(\frac{9}{4}x^2\right) = \frac{6}{2}\left(\frac{9}{4}x^2\right) = 3\left(\frac{9}{4}x^2\right) = \frac{27}{4}x^2

    The fourth term is n(n−1)(n−2)3!y3\frac{n(n-1)(n-2)}{3!}y^3:

    (−2)(−2−1)(−2−2)3×2×1(−32x)3=(−2)(−3)(−4)6(−278x3)=−246(−278x3)=−4(−278x3)=1088x3=272x3\frac{(-2)(-2-1)(-2-2)}{3 \times 2 \times 1}\left(-\frac{3}{2}x\right)^3 = \frac{(-2)(-3)(-4)}{6}\left(-\frac{27}{8}x^3\right) = \frac{-24}{6}\left(-\frac{27}{8}x^3\right) = -4\left(-\frac{27}{8}x^3\right) = \frac{108}{8}x^3 = \frac{27}{2}x^3

    So, the first four terms of the expansion are:

    1+3x+274x2+272x31 + 3x + \frac{27}{4}x^2 + \frac{27}{2}x^3
  2. Find the set of values of xx for which the expansion is valid.

    The binomial expansion (1+y)n(1+y)^n is valid when ∣y∣<1|y| < 1.
    In this expansion, y=−32xy = -\frac{3}{2}x.
    So, we must have:

    ∣−32x∣<1\left|-\frac{3}{2}x\right| < 1 32∣x∣<1\frac{3}{2}|x| < 1 ∣x∣<13/2|x| < \frac{1}{3/2} ∣x∣<23|x| < \frac{2}{3}

    This inequality can also be written as:

    −23<x<23-\frac{2}{3} < x < \frac{2}{3}

    The first four terms of the expansion are 1+3x+274x2+272x3\boxed{1 + 3x + \frac{27}{4}x^2 + \frac{27}{2}x^3}.
    The expansion is valid for ∣x∣<23\boxed{|x| < \frac{2}{3}} or −23<x<23\boxed{-\frac{2}{3} < x < \frac{2}{3}}.

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