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Evaluate the limit: _x 0^+ (1 + 3x)^(1)/(2x)

Mathematics

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Answer

e32e^{\frac{3}{2}}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

To evaluate the limit lim⁡x→0+(1+3x)12x\lim_{x \to 0^+} (1 + 3x)^{\frac{1}{2x}}, we first identify its form. As x→0+x \to 0^+, the base (1+3x)(1 + 3x) approaches 1, and the exponent 12x\frac{1}{2x} approaches ∞\infty. This is an indeterminate form of type 1∞1^\infty.

We can use the standard limit identity:

lim⁡u→0(1+u)1u=e\lim_{u \to 0} (1 + u)^{\frac{1}{u}} = e
  1. Substitute to match the standard form.

    Let u=3xu = 3x. As x→0+x \to 0^+, u→0+u \to 0^+.
    We need the exponent to be in terms of uu. The original exponent is 12x\frac{1}{2x}.
    Since u=3xu = 3x, we have x=u3x = \frac{u}{3}.
    Substitute x=u3x = \frac{u}{3} into the exponent:

    12x=12(u3)=12u3=32u\frac{1}{2x} = \frac{1}{2\left(\frac{u}{3}\right)} = \frac{1}{\frac{2u}{3}} = \frac{3}{2u}
  2. Rewrite the limit expression using the substitution.

    lim⁡x→0+(1+3x)12x=lim⁡u→0+(1+u)32u\lim_{x \to 0^+} (1 + 3x)^{\frac{1}{2x}} = \lim_{u \to 0^+} (1 + u)^{\frac{3}{2u}}
  3. Manipulate the exponent to isolate the standard form.

    We can rewrite the exponent 32u\frac{3}{2u} as 1u⋅32\frac{1}{u} \cdot \frac{3}{2}.

    lim⁡u→0+(1+u)1u⋅32\lim_{u \to 0^+} (1 + u)^{\frac{1}{u} \cdot \frac{3}{2}}

    Using the exponent rule (ab)c=abc(a^b)^c = a^{bc}, we can write this as:

    lim⁡u→0+((1+u)1u)32\lim_{u \to 0^+} \left( (1 + u)^{\frac{1}{u}} \right)^{\frac{3}{2}}
  4. Apply the standard limit and simplify.

    Since lim⁡u→0+(1+u)1u=e\lim_{u \to 0^+} (1 + u)^{\frac{1}{u}} = e, we substitute this into the expression:

    e32e^{\frac{3}{2}}
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