Explain the term "perspective"

Step 1: Question 1 - Scale for length
1 cm on the map represents 100 cm in real life.
$1\ cm(map) = 100\ cm(real) = 1\ \mathrm{m}$
Tick the first option.

Step 2: Question 1 - Scale for area
Linear scale factor = 100.
Area scale factor = $100^{2} = 10\,000$.
$1\ cm^{2}(map) = 10\,000\ cm^{2}(real) = 1\ m^{2}$
The second option (100 square cm = 1 square metre) is incorrect.
Do not tick the second option.

Step 3: Question 2 - Fill in the blanks
It is 100 metres smaller when looking at a view or a photograph of it.
Your eye makes distant objects appear smaller because closer to you appear bigger.
This is called perspective.

Step 4: Explain the term “perspective”
Perspective is the visual effect where distant objects appear smaller than closer objects of the same actual size.

Step 5: Question 3 - Why maps are more accurate
Sketch maps are drawn as plan views (looking straight down from above). All distances are to scale with no distortion.
Perspective drawings (side views) make distant objects look smaller, so distances between objects are not accurate.

Step 6: Question 4 - Distance from home to school using the sketch map
The sketch map uses scale $1\ cm(map) = 1\ \mathrm{m(real)}$.
Measure the path from home to school on the map (total length along the route).
Assume map distance = 5 cm (from image: home to corner 2 cm + corner to school 3 cm).
Real distance = map distance $\times$ scale factor.
$5\ cm(map) \times 100\ \frac{cm(real)}{1\ cm(map)} = 500\ cm(real) = 5\ \mathrm{m}$
5 metres