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Buklisa izithombe eziningezansi bese uphendula imibuzo elandelayo. UMBHALO B (OBUKWAYO)

Mathematics

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11a

  1. Tepkimenin dengeli denklemi

    2C8H18+25O2→16CO2+18H2O2\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} + 25\mathrm{O_2} \to 16\mathrm{CO_2} + 18\mathrm{H_2O}

  2. O2\mathrm{O_2} ile C8H18\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} arasındaki oran

    C8H18:O2=2:25\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} : \mathrm{O_2} = 2 : 25

  3. Gerekli C8H18\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} mol sayısı formülü

    nC8H18=nO2×225n_{\mathrm{C_8H_{18}}} = n_{\mathrm{O_2}} \times \frac{2}{25}

  4. Değerleri yerine koy

    nC8H18=1.3 mol×225n_{\mathrm{C_8H_{18}}} = 1.3 \, \mathrm{mol} \times \frac{2}{25}

  5. Hesapla

    nC8H18=1.3×0.08=0.104 moln_{\mathrm{C_8H_{18}}} = 1.3 \times 0.08 = 0.104 \, \mathrm{mol}

    0.104 mol

    11b

  6. Tepkimenin dengeli denklemi (aynı)

    2C8H18+25O2→16CO2+18H2O2\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} + 25\mathrm{O_2} \to 16\mathrm{CO_2} + 18\mathrm{H_2O}

  7. C8H18\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} ile CO2\mathrm{CO_2} arasındaki oran

    C8H18:CO2=2:16\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} : \mathrm{CO_2} = 2 : 16

  8. CO2\mathrm{CO_2} mol sayısı formülü

    nCO2=nC8H18×162n_{\mathrm{CO_2}} = n_{\mathrm{C_8H_{18}}} \times \frac{16}{2}

  9. Değerleri yerine koy

    nCO2=1.3 mol×8n_{\mathrm{CO_2}} = 1.3 \, \mathrm{mol} \times 8

  10. Hesapla

    nCO2=10.4 moln_{\mathrm{CO_2}} = 10.4 \, \mathrm{mol}

    10.4 mol

    11c

  11. Tepkimenin dengeli denklemi (aynı)

    2C8H18+25O2→16CO2+18H2O2\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} + 25\mathrm{O_2} \to 16\mathrm{CO_2} + 18\mathrm{H_2O}

  12. C8H18\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} ile H2O\mathrm{H_2O} arasındaki oran

    C8H18:H2O=2:18\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} : \mathrm{H_2O} = 2 : 18

  13. H2O\mathrm{H_2O} mol sayısı formülü

    nH2O=nC8H18×182n_{\mathrm{H_2O}} = n_{\mathrm{C_8H_{18}}} \times \frac{18}{2}

  14. Değerleri yerine koy

    nH2O=1.3 mol×9n_{\mathrm{H_2O}} = 1.3 \, \mathrm{mol} \times 9

  15. Hesapla

    nH2O=11.7 moln_{\mathrm{H_2O}} = 11.7 \, \mathrm{mol}

    11.7 mol

    11d

  16. Tepkimenin dengeli denklemi (aynı)

    2C8H18+25O2→16CO2+18H2O2\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} + 25\mathrm{O_2} \to 16\mathrm{CO_2} + 18\mathrm{H_2O}

  17. 1.3 mol C8H18\mathrm{C_8H_{18}} için gerekli O2\mathrm{O_2}

    nO2,gereke=1.3 mol×252=1.3×12.5=16.25 moln_{\mathrm{O_2, gereke}} = 1.3 \, \mathrm{mol} \times \frac{25}{2} = 1.3 \times 12.5 = 16.25 \, \mathrm{mol}

  18. Verilen O2\mathrm{O_2} fazla mı?

    25 mol>16.25 mol25 \, \mathrm{mol} > 16.25 \, \mathrm{mol} (evet, O2\mathrm{O_2} fazla)

  19. Geriye kalan O2\mathrm{O_2}

    nO2,kalan=25 mol−16.25 mol=8.75 moln_{\mathrm{O_2, kalan}} = 25 \, \mathrm{mol} - 16.25 \, \mathrm{mol} = 8.75 \, \mathrm{mol}

    8.75 mol

    11e

  20. 11c'den H2O\mathrm{H_2O} mol sayısı

    nH2O=11.7 moln_{\mathrm{H_2O}} = 11.7 \, \mathrm{mol}

  21. Hacim formülü (S.T.P., 1 mol gaz=24 dm31 \, \mathrm{mol \, gaz} = 24 \, \mathrm{dm^3})

    VH2O=nH2O×24 dm3/molV_{\mathrm{H_2O}} = n_{\mathrm{H_2O}} \times 24 \, \mathrm{dm^3/mol}

  22. Değerleri yerine koy

    VH2O=11.7 mol×24 dm3/molV_{\mathrm{H_2O}} = 11.7 \, \mathrm{mol} \times 24 \, \mathrm{dm^3/mol}

  23. Hesapla

    VH2O=280.8 dm3V_{\mathrm{H_2O}} = 280.8 \, \mathrm{dm^3}

    280.8 dm^3

    12a

  24. Tepkimenin dengeli denklemi

    N2+3H2→2NH3\mathrm{N_2 + 3H_2 \to 2NH_3}

  25. H2\mathrm{H_2} ile N2\mathrm{N_2} arasındaki oran

    H2:N2=3:1\mathrm{H_2} : \mathrm{N_2} = 3 : 1

  26. Gerekli N2\mathrm{N_2} mol sayısı formülü

    nN2=nH2×13n_{\mathrm{N_2}} = n_{\mathrm{H_2}} \times \frac{1}{3}

  27. Değerleri yerine koy

    nN2=2 mol×13n_{\mathrm{N_2}} = 2 \, \mathrm{mol} \times \frac{1}{3}

  28. Hesapla

    nN2=23≈0.667 moln_{\mathrm{N_2}} = \frac{2}{3} \approx 0.667 \, \mathrm{mol}

    \dfrac{2}{3} mol

    12b

  29. Tepkimenin dengeli denklemi (aynı)

    N2+3H2→2NH3\mathrm{N_2 + 3H_2 \to 2NH_3}

  30. N2\mathrm{N_2} ile NH3\mathrm{NH_3} arasındaki oran

    N2:NH3=1:2\mathrm{N_2} : \mathrm{NH_3} = 1 : 2

  31. NH3\mathrm{NH_3} mol sayısı formülü

    nNH3=nN2×2n_{\mathrm{NH_3}} = n_{\mathrm{N_2}} \times 2

  32. Değerleri yerine koy

    nNH3=2 mol×2n_{\mathrm{NH_3}} = 2 \, \mathrm{mol} \times 2

  33. Hesapla

    nNH3=4 moln_{\mathrm{NH_3}} = 4 \, \mathrm{mol}

    4 mol

    12c

  34. Tepkimenin dengeli denklemi (aynı)

    N2+3H2→2NH3\mathrm{N_2 + 3H_2 \to 2NH_3}

  35. 2 mol N2\mathrm{N_2} için gerekli H2\mathrm{H_2}

    nH2,gereke=2 mol×3=6 moln_{\mathrm{H_2, gereke}} = 2 \, \mathrm{mol} \times 3 = 6 \, \mathrm{mol}

  36. Verilen H2\mathrm{H_2} fazla mı?

    7 mol>6 mol7 \, \mathrm{mol} > 6 \, \mathrm{mol} (evet, H2\mathrm{H_2} fazla)

  37. Geriye kalan H2\mathrm{H_2}

    nH2,kalan=7 mol−6 mol=1 moln_{\mathrm{H_2, kalan}} = 7 \, \mathrm{mol} - 6 \, \mathrm{mol} = 1 \, \mathrm{mol}

    1 mol

    13a

  38. CO2\mathrm{CO_2} molar kütlesi

    MCO2=44 g/molM_{\mathrm{CO_2}} = 44 \, \mathrm{g/mol}

  39. Mol sayısı

    nCO2=44 g44 g/mol=1 moln_{\mathrm{CO_2}} = \frac{44 \, \mathrm{g}}{44 \, \mathrm{g/mol}} = 1 \, \mathrm{mol}

  40. Hacim formülü (S.T.P., 1 mol=22.4 dm31 \, \mathrm{mol} = 22.4 \, \mathrm{dm^3})

    VCO2=1 mol×22.4 dm3/molV_{\mathrm{CO_2}} = 1 \, \mathrm{mol} \times 22.4 \, \mathrm{dm^3/mol}

  41. Hesapla

    VCO2=22.4 dm3V_{\mathrm{CO_2}} = 22.4 \, \mathrm{dm^3}

    22.4 dm^3

    13b

  42. O2\mathrm{O_2} molar kütlesi

    MO2=32 g/molM_{\mathrm{O_2}} = 32 \, \mathrm{g/mol}

  43. Mol sayısı (S.T.P., 1 mol=22.4 dm31 \, \mathrm{mol} = 22.4 \, \mathrm{dm^3})

    nO2=11.2 dm322.4 dm3/mol=0.5 moln_{\mathrm{O_2}} = \frac{11.2 \, \mathrm{dm^3}}{22.4 \, \mathrm{dm^3/mol}} = 0.5 \, \mathrm{mol}

  44. Kütle formülü

    mO2=nO2×MO2m_{\mathrm{O_2}} = n_{\mathrm{O_2}} \times M_{\mathrm{O_2}}

  45. Hesapla

    mO2=0.5 mol×32 g/mol=16 gm_{\mathrm{O_2}} = 0.5 \, \mathrm{mol} \times 32 \, \mathrm{g/mol} = 16 \, \mathrm{g}

    16 g

    13c

  46. CO molar kütlesi

    MCO=28 g/molM_{\mathrm{CO}} = 28 \, \mathrm{g/mol}

  47. Mol sayısı formülü

    nCO=mCOMCOn_{\mathrm{CO}} = \frac{m_{\mathrm{CO}}}{M_{\mathrm{CO}}}

  48. Değerleri yerine koy

    nCO=4.4 g28 g/moln_{\mathrm{CO}} = \frac{4.4 \, \mathrm{g}}{28 \, \mathrm{g/mol}}

  49. Hesapla

    nCO=0.157 moln_{\mathrm{CO}} = 0.157 \, \mathrm{mol}

    0.157 mol

    13d

  50. He molar kütlesi

    MHe=4 g/molM_{\mathrm{He}} = 4 \, \mathrm{g/mol}

  51. Kütle formülü

    mHe=nHe×MHem_{\mathrm{He}} = n_{\mathrm{He}} \times M_{\mathrm{He}}

  52. Değerleri yerine koy

    mHe=2 mol×4 g/molm_{\mathrm{He}} = 2 \, \mathrm{mol} \times 4 \, \mathrm{g/mol}

  53. Hesapla

    mHe=8 gm_{\mathrm{He}} = 8 \, \mathrm{g}

    8 g

    14a

  54. NaOH mol sayısı

    Hacim = 500 cm3=0.5 dm3500 \, \mathrm{cm^3} = 0.5 \, \mathrm{dm^3}

    nNaOH=C×V=0.2 mol/dm3×0.5 dm3=0.1 moln_{\mathrm{NaOH}} = C \times V = 0.2 \, \mathrm{mol/dm^3} \times 0.5 \, \mathrm{dm^3} = 0.1 \, \mathrm{mol}

  55. Tepkime

    NaOH+HCl→NaCl+H2O\mathrm{NaOH + HCl \to NaCl + H_2O}

    Oran 1:11:1

  56. Gerekli HCl molu

    nHCl=0.1 moln_{\mathrm{HCl}} = 0.1 \, \mathrm{mol}

    0.1 mol

    14b

  57. H2SO4\mathrm{H_2SO_4} mol sayısı

    Hacim = 250 cm3=0.25 dm3250 \, \mathrm{cm^3} = 0.25 \, \mathrm{dm^3}

    nH2SO4=0.1 mol/dm3×0.25 dm3=0.025 moln_{\mathrm{H_2SO_4}} = 0.1 \, \mathrm{mol/dm^3} \times 0.25 \, \mathrm{dm^3} = 0.025 \, \mathrm{mol}

  58. Tepkime

    H2SO4+2NaOH→Na2SO4+2H2O\mathrm{H_2SO_4 + 2NaOH \to Na_2SO_4 + 2H_2O}

    Oran 1:21:2

  59. Gerekli NaOH molu

    nNaOH=0.025 mol×2=0.05 moln_{\mathrm{NaOH}} = 0.025 \, \mathrm{mol} \times 2 = 0.05 \, \mathrm{mol}

    0.05 mol

    14c

  60. NaOH mol sayısı

    Hacim = 100 cm3=0.1 dm3100 \, \mathrm{cm^3} = 0.1 \, \mathrm{dm^3}

    nNaOH=0.5 mol/dm3×0.1 dm3=0.05 moln_{\mathrm{NaOH}} = 0.5 \, \mathrm{mol/dm^3} \times 0.1 \, \mathrm{dm^3} = 0.05 \, \mathrm{mol}

  61. H2SO4\mathrm{H_2SO_4} mol sayısı

    Hacim = 0.1 dm30.1 \, \mathrm{dm^3}

    nH2SO4=0.25 mol/dm3×0.1 dm3=0.025 moln_{\mathrm{H_2SO_4}} = 0.25 \, \mathrm{mol/dm^3} \times 0.1 \, \mathrm{dm^3} = 0.025 \, \mathrm{mol}

  62. Tepkime (aynı) H2SO4+2NaOH\mathrm{H_2SO_4 + 2NaOH}

    Gerekli NaOH = 0.025×2=0.05 mol0.025 \times 2 = 0.05 \, \mathrm{mol}

  63. Karşılaştır

    nNaOHn_{\mathrm{NaOH}} = 0.05 mol = gerekli, fazla yok
    Nötralize olur, kalan baz veya asit yok.
    yok

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