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The cumulative frequency graph (ogive) shows the time taken (in minutes) for 60 employees to travel to work each morning. Estimate the median travel time.

Mathematics

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Here's the solution to Question 2:

Part 2.1· 3 steps

Estimate the median travel time.

  1. Identify the total number of employees, N=60N = 60.

  2. The median corresponds to the N2\frac{N}{2} position, which is 602=30\frac{60}{2} = 30.

  3. Locate 30 on the cumulative frequency (y-axis) and read the corresponding time on the x-axis from the ogive.

    Reading from the graph, a cumulative frequency of 30 corresponds to a travel time of 60 minutes.
    The estimated median travel time is 60 minutes\boxed{\text{60 minutes}}.

Part 2.2· 2 steps

Estimate the lower quartile.

  1. The lower quartile (Q1) corresponds to the N4\frac{N}{4} position, which is 604=15\frac{60}{4} = 15.

  2. Locate 15 on the cumulative frequency (y-axis) and read the corresponding time on the x-axis from the ogive.

    Reading from the graph, a cumulative frequency of 15 corresponds to a travel time of 40 minutes.
    The estimated lower quartile is 40 minutes\boxed{\text{40 minutes}}.

Part 2.3· 3 steps

Estimate the interquartile range.

  1. The upper quartile (Q3) corresponds to the 3N4\frac{3N}{4} position, which is 3×604=45\frac{3 \times 60}{4} = 45.

  2. Locate 45 on the cumulative frequency (y-axis) and read the corresponding time on the x-axis from the ogive.

    Reading from the graph, a cumulative frequency of 45 corresponds to a travel time of 80 minutes.

  3. Calculate the interquartile range (IQR) using the formula IQR=Q3−Q1\text{IQR} = Q3 - Q1.

    IQR=80−40=40\text{IQR} = 80 - 40 = 40

    The estimated interquartile range is 40 minutes\boxed{\text{40 minutes}}.

Part 2.4· 1 step

Draw a box and whisker diagram.

  1. Determine the five-number summary for the box-whisker plot.

    • Minimum time = 5 minutes (given)
    • Lower Quartile (Q1) = 40 minutes (from 2.2)
    • Median (Q2) = 60 minutes (from 2.1)
    • Upper Quartile (Q3) = 80 minutes (from 2.3)
    • Maximum time = 120 minutes (given)

    To construct the box-whisker plot:

    • Draw a number line (scaled line) that covers the range from 0 to 120 minutes.
    • Mark the minimum value (5) and the maximum value (120) with whiskers.
    • Draw a box from the first quartile (Q1 = 40) to the third quartile (Q3 = 80).
    • Draw a vertical line inside the box at the median (Q2 = 60).

Part 2.5· 4 steps

What percentage of the employees will be allowed to work from home for part of the day?

  1. Identify the threshold for working from home.

    Employees who travel for an hour or more (60 minutes or more) are allowed to work from home.

  2. Determine the number of employees who travel less than 60 minutes.

    From the ogive, at 60 minutes on the x-axis, the cumulative frequency is 30. This means 30 employees travel 60 minutes or less.

  3. Calculate the number of employees who travel more than 60 minutes.

    Total employees = 60.
    Number of employees travelling more than 60 minutes = Total employees - (Cumulative frequency at 60 minutes)

    60−30=30 employees60 - 30 = 30 \text{ employees}
  4. Calculate the percentage of employees who will work from home.

    Percentage=Number of employees travelling ≥60 minTotal number of employees×100%\text{Percentage} = \frac{\text{Number of employees travelling } \ge 60 \text{ min}}{\text{Total number of employees}} \times 100\% Percentage=3060×100%=50%\text{Percentage} = \frac{30}{60} \times 100\% = 50\%

    The percentage of employees who will be allowed to work from home is 50%\boxed{\text{50\%}}.

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