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Find the x-intercept and y-intercept of the curve. Determine the stationary points of the curve.

Mathematics

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Answers

4 parts
a(i)

x=0x=0

x=−43x=-\frac{4}{3}

a(ii)

y=0y=0

b(i)
(0,0)

(−89,256243)\left(-\frac{8}{9}, \frac{256}{243}\right)

b(ii)

local minimum\text{local minimum}

local maximum\text{local maximum}

Graph of y = 3x³ + 4x²

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Key points of y = 3x³ + 4x²
Pointxy
x-intercept−1.330
Maximum−0.891.05
Minimum00

Step-by-step solution

10 steps

here's the solution for this calculus problem.

The given curve is y=3x3+4x2y = 3x^3 + 4x^2.

Part a(i)· 3 steps

Find the x-intercept of the curve.

To find the x-intercepts, set y=0y=0 and solve for xx.

  1. Set y=0y=0.

    3x3+4x2=03x^3 + 4x^2 = 0
  2. Factor out the common term x2x^2.

    x2(3x+4)=0x^2(3x + 4) = 0
  3. Solve for xx.

    This gives two possible solutions:

    x2=0  ⟹  x=0x^2 = 0 \implies x = 0 3x+4=0  ⟹  3x=−4  ⟹  x=−433x + 4 = 0 \implies 3x = -4 \implies x = -\frac{4}{3}

    The x-intercepts are x=0\boxed{x=0} and x=−43\boxed{x=-\frac{4}{3}}.

Part a(ii)

y=0y=0

Find the y-intercept of the curve.

To find the y-intercept, set x=0x=0 and solve for yy.

  1. Set x=0x=0.

    y=3(0)3+4(0)2y = 3(0)^3 + 4(0)^2
  2. Calculate yy.

    y=0+0y = 0 + 0 y=0y = 0

    The y-intercept is y=0\boxed{y=0}.

Part b(i)(0,0)

Determine the stationary points of the curve.

To find stationary points, we need to find the first derivative dydx\frac{dy}{dx}, set it to zero, and solve for xx.

  1. Find the first derivative dydx\frac{dy}{dx}.

    dydx=ddx(3x3+4x2)=9x2+8x\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}(3x^3 + 4x^2) = 9x^2 + 8x
  2. Set dydx=0\frac{dy}{dx} = 0 and solve for xx.

    9x2+8x=09x^2 + 8x = 0

    Factor out xx:

    x(9x+8)=0x(9x + 8) = 0

    This gives two possible solutions for xx:

    x=0x = 0 9x+8=0  ⟹  9x=−8  ⟹  x=−899x + 8 = 0 \implies 9x = -8 \implies x = -\frac{8}{9}
  3. Find the corresponding yy-coordinates for each xx value using the original equation y=3x3+4x2y = 3x^3 + 4x^2.

    For x=0x = 0:

    y=3(0)3+4(0)2=0y = 3(0)^3 + 4(0)^2 = 0

    So, one stationary point is (0,0)(0,0).
    For x=−89x = -\frac{8}{9}:

    y=3(−89)3+4(−89)2y = 3\left(-\frac{8}{9}\right)^3 + 4\left(-\frac{8}{9}\right)^2 y=3(−512729)+4(6481)y = 3\left(-\frac{512}{729}\right) + 4\left(\frac{64}{81}\right) y=−1536729+25681y = -\frac{1536}{729} + \frac{256}{81}

    To add these fractions, find a common denominator (729):

    y=−1536729+256×981×9y = -\frac{1536}{729} + \frac{256 \times 9}{81 \times 9} y=−1536729+2304729y = -\frac{1536}{729} + \frac{2304}{729} y=2304−1536729=768729y = \frac{2304 - 1536}{729} = \frac{768}{729}

    This fraction can be simplified by dividing the numerator and denominator by 3:

    y=256243y = \frac{256}{243}

    So, the other stationary point is (−89,256243)\left(-\frac{8}{9}, \frac{256}{243}\right).
    The stationary points are (0,0)\boxed{(0,0)} and (−89,256243)\boxed{\left(-\frac{8}{9}, \frac{256}{243}\right)}.

Part b(ii)

local minimum\text{local minimum}

For each point in b(i) above, determine whether it is a maximum or a minimum.

To determine the nature of the stationary points, we use the second derivative test.

  1. Find the second derivative d2ydx2\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}.

    d2ydx2=ddx(9x2+8x)=18x+8\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = \frac{d}{dx}(9x^2 + 8x) = 18x + 8
  2. Evaluate d2ydx2\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} at each stationary point.

    For the point (0,0)(0,0) (where x=0x=0):

    d2ydx2=18(0)+8=8\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = 18(0) + 8 = 8

    Since d2ydx2>0\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} > 0, the point (0,0)(0,0) is a local minimum.
    For the point (−89,256243)\left(-\frac{8}{9}, \frac{256}{243}\right) (where x=−89x=-\frac{8}{9}):

    d2ydx2=18(−89)+8\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = 18\left(-\frac{8}{9}\right) + 8 d2ydx2=−2×8+8\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = -2 \times 8 + 8 d2ydx2=−16+8=−8\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = -16 + 8 = -8

    Since d2ydx2<0\frac{d^2y}{dx^2} < 0, the point (−89,256243)\left(-\frac{8}{9}, \frac{256}{243}\right) is a local maximum.

    The nature of the stationary points are:

    • (0,0)(0,0) is a local minimum\boxed{\text{local minimum}}.
    • (−89,256243)\left(-\frac{8}{9}, \frac{256}{243}\right) is a local maximum\boxed{\text{local maximum}}.
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