The diagram illustrates a moss plant.

Here are the answers to your questions:

7. The diagram illustrates a moss plant.

a) Label the parts A and B

• A: Capsule (or Sporangium)
• B: Rhizoids

b) State one observable difference between the structure above and the liverwort.

• The structure above (moss) has a differentiated stem and leaf-like structures, while many liverworts have a flattened, undifferentiated thallus.
• The sporophyte of mosses (part A) is typically more complex with a stalk and capsule, whereas liverwort sporophytes are generally simpler and often embedded in the thallus.

8. Define the following terms used in ecology:

• Biosphere: The sum of all ecosystems on Earth, representing the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships, including their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.
• Population: A group of individuals of the same species living in the same geographical area at the same time, capable of interbreeding.
• Synecology: The study of ecological communities, focusing on the interactions between different species and their environment within a specific area.
• Carrying capacity: The maximum population size of a biological species that can be sustained indefinitely by a given environment, considering the available resources and environmental conditions.
• Ecological Niche: The role and position a species has in its environment, encompassing all its interactions with the biotic and abiotic factors, including how it obtains food, shelter, and reproduces.

9. Name two specific bacteria involved in denitrification process in a Nitrogen cycle.

• Pseudomonas
• Thiobacillus