A) What is the name of the experiment carried out on the tree trunk? b) What tissue was removed from the cut region? c) Describe the appearance of the tree trunk at the end of the experiment. d) Expla

Here are the answers to questions 4 and 5.

4.

a) The experiment carried out on the tree trunk is a girdling experiment (or ringing experiment).

b) The tissue that was removed from the cut region is the phloem.

c) At the end of the experiment, the tree trunk would appear as follows:

• The region above the cut would be swollen.
• The region below the cut would appear shrunken or withered.

d) The observation is explained by the removal of the phloem tissue, which is responsible for transporting manufactured food (sugars) from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

• The swelling above the cut occurs because the sugars accumulate there, unable to be transported downwards.
• The shrinking or withering below the cut happens because these parts are deprived of food, leading to starvation and eventual death of the cells.

5.
The diagram represents a cross-section through a dicotyledonous root.

• J represents the epidermis.
• K and L represent root hairs.