This biology question covers important biological concepts and processes. The step-by-step explanation below helps you understand the underlying mechanisms and reasoning.
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Here are the answers to your questions: 28) Organism II feeds on dead organic matter, which means it is a saprophyte. Fungi are a major group of organisms that obtain nutrients by decomposing dead organic matter. Saprophytic bacteria also perform this role. Given the options, both "A fungi" and "A saprophytic bacterium" are correct types of organisms that fit the description. However, in multiple-choice questions, we select the best fit. Fungi are very commonly associated with the decomposition of dead organic matter. The correct option is B. 29) Organism II feeds on dead organic matter. A woody log is composed of dead organic matter, making it a suitable habitat for such an organism. The correct option is D. 30) Plant cells placed in hypotonic solutions will not burst because they possess a rigid cell wall outside their cell membrane. This cell wall prevents excessive water uptake and bursting by exerting turgor pressure. The correct option is C. 31) Agglutination occurs when the recipient's antibodies react with the donor's antigens. Donor blood group: B (has B antigens). Recipient blood group: We need a recipient who does not have anti-B antibodies. • Blood group A has anti-B antibodies. • Blood group B has no anti-B antibodies. • Blood group AB has no anti-A or anti-B antibodies. • Blood group O has anti-A and anti-B antibodies. Therefore, agglutination would not occur if the recipient has blood group B or blood group AB. The correct option is B. 32) Step 1: Determine the gametes produced by each parent. Parent 1: BbFf produces gametes BF, Bf, bF, bf. Parent 2: bbff produces gametes bf. Step 2: Perform the cross using a Punnett square or by combining gametes. |c|c| Gametes from BbFf & Gametes from bbff \\ BF & bf \\ Bf & \\ bF & \\ bf & \\ Possible offspring genotypes: • BF × bf = BbFf • Bf × bf = Bbff • bF × bf = bbFf • bf × bf = bbff Step 3: Count the number of distinct offspring genotypes. There are 4 possible distinct genotypes. The correct option is D. 33) The diagram shows two unspotted parent flies producing both unspotted and spotted offspring. This pattern (unspotted parents producing spotted offspring) indicates that the spotted trait is recessive, and the parents must both be heterozygous carriers of the recessive allele. The correct option is A. 34) Based on question 33, the parents are heterozygous (e.g., Hh x Hh), and the spotted trait (hh) is recessive. The cross is Hh × Hh. The expected offspring genotypes are 1 HH : 2 Hh : 1 hh. So, the genotypes would be HH, Hh, Hh, hh. None of the provided options perfectly match this expected distribution. However, option B (HH, Hh, Hh, Hh) is the closest, containing the homozygous dominant and heterozygous genotypes, but incorrectly listing four heterozygous instead of two heterozygous and one homozygous recessive. Assuming there might be a slight error in the options, we select the closest representation. The correct option is B. 35) The diploid number of chromosomes in human somatic cells is 46 (2n = 46). The haploid number (n) is half of the diploid number. n = (2n)/(2) = (46)/(2) = 23 The correct option is D. 36) Step 1: Determine the F1 generation from the initial cross. Initial cross: Heterozygous tall plant (Tt) × dwarf plant (tt). Gametes from Tt: T, t Gametes from tt: t F1 offspring genotypes: Tt (Tall) and tt (Dwarf) in a 1:1 ratio. Step 2: Identify the cross for the F2 generation. The question states "Two of the tall F1 plants" were used. Tall F1 plants have the genotype Tt. So, the F2 cross is Tt × Tt. Step 3: Determine the F2 generation genotypes and phenotypes. Cross: Tt × Tt Gametes: T, t from both parents. F2 offspring genotypes: 1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt. Phenotypically, this is 3 Tall (TT, Tt) : 1 Dwarf (tt). Step 4: Calculate the number of dwarf plants in the F2 generation. A total of 120 plants were obtained in the F2 generation. The proportion of dwarf plants is (1)/(4). Number of dwarf plants = (1)/(4) × 120 = 30. The correct option is A. Last free one today — make it count tomorrow, or type /upgrade for unlimited.