Bones are classified into two main divisions based on the skeletal system:

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Bones are classified into two main divisions based on the skeletal system:

• Axial Skeleton: This division forms the central axis of the body and includes bones that protect internal organs and provide support. It consists of:

  • Skull: Cranial bones and facial bones.
  • Vertebral Column: Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx.
  • Thoracic Cage: Sternum and ribs.
  • Hyoid Bone.

• Appendicular Skeleton: This division consists of the bones of the limbs and the girdles that attach the limbs to the axial skeleton, enabling movement. It includes:

  • Pectoral Girdle: Clavicle and scapula.
  • Upper Limbs: Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges.
  • Pelvic Girdle: Two hip (coxal) bones.
  • Lower Limbs: Femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges.