Determine the correctness of statements A and B regarding reproductive hormones and cell function.

Question 12: Step 1: Analyze Statement A. Statement A says: "LH and FSH increase gradually during the follicular phase." During the follicular phase, FSH levels are high in the early phase to stimulate follicle growth and then decrease slightly. LH levels remain relatively low in the early follicular phase and then surge dramatically just before ovulation. Therefore, stating that both increase gradually throughout the entire follicular phase is inaccurate. FSH's pattern is not a continuous gradual increase, and LH's increase is not gradual but rather a sharp surge towards the end. So, Statement A is incorrect. Step 2: Analyze Statement B. Statement B says: "LH triggers secretion of androgens from the Leydig cells." In males, Luteinizing Hormone (LH) stimulates the Leydig cells in the testes to produce androgens, primarily testosterone. This statement is correct. Step 3: Evaluate the options based on the analysis. Since Statement A is incorrect and Statement B is correct, the correct option is the one that reflects this. (1) Statement B is correct and statement A is wrong. (2) Both the statement A and B are correct. (3) Statement A is correct and statement B is wrong. (4) Both the statement A and B are wrong. The correct option is (1). Question 13: Step 1: Identify structure A in the provided diagram of the human sperm. The label A points to the cap-like structure covering the anterior part of the sperm head. This structure is the acrosome. Step 2: Evaluate the function of the acrosome. The acrosome contains hydrolytic enzymes (such as hyaluronidase and acrosin) that are released during the acrosome reaction. These enzymes help the sperm penetrate the outer layers of the egg (corona radiata and zona pellucida) during fertilization. Step 3: Analyze the given options. (1) A—Acrosome—its enzymes helps in fertilisation. This correctly identifies A as the acrosome and accurately describes its function. (2) B—Mitochondria—provides energy for fusion sperm with ovum. This option refers to B (which is not clearly labeled in the image) and mitochondria are typically found in the midpiece of the sperm, not the head where A is located. (3) A—Plasma membrane—envelops whole sperm. While the plasma membrane surrounds the sperm, A specifically points to the acrosome, not the entire membrane. (4) B—polysomes—synthesize enzymes to facilitate fertilisation. This option refers to B and polysomes are not a primary structural identification for this part of the sperm in this context. Based on the identification of A and its function, option (1) is the most accurate. The final answer is 1 for Q12 and 1 for Q13 Send me the next one 📸