What are five nursing problems and interventions for an unconscious DKA patient?

Here are five problems and corresponding nursing interventions for Mr. Chibamba during his period of unconsciousness due to DKA:

• : Impaired Airway Clearance / Risk for Aspiration

  • Nursing Intervention: Position Mr. Chibamba in a lateral or semi-Fowler's position, perform frequent oral suctioning to remove secretions, and continuously monitor his respiratory rate and effort to ensure a patent airway.

• : Deficient Fluid Volume / Electrolyte Imbalance

  • Nursing Intervention: Administer prescribed intravenous fluids (e.g., normal saline) and electrolyte replacements (especially potassium) as ordered. Closely monitor intake and output, assess skin turgor and mucous membranes, and review daily serum electrolyte levels.

• : Uncontrolled Blood Glucose Levels / Metabolic Acidosis

  • Nursing Intervention: Administer a continuous intravenous insulin infusion as prescribed, monitoring blood glucose levels hourly. Assess arterial blood gases (ABGs) regularly to track the resolution of metabolic acidosis and adjust insulin therapy accordingly.

• : Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity

  • Nursing Intervention: Reposition Mr. Chibamba every 2 hours, provide meticulous skin care, and use pressure-relieving devices (e.g., specialized mattress, heel protectors) to prevent pressure injuries. Assess skin frequently for any signs of redness or breakdown.

• : Risk for Corneal Abrasion / Eye Injury

  • Nursing Intervention: Administer lubricating eye drops or ointment as prescribed to prevent dryness. Ensure proper eyelid closure, and if necessary, gently tape eyelids shut. Regularly assess eyes for any signs of irritation, redness, or discharge.