Identify TWO adaptations of Carcharias taurus that increase the chances of internal fertilisation.

let's analyze the Tiger Shark extract.

3.2.1 Identify TWO adaptations of Carcharias taurus that increase the chances of internal fertilisation.

1. Males possess claspers, which are specialized structures used to transfer sperm directly into the female's body.
2. The female has two uteri, providing a protected internal environment where eggs are fertilized and development occurs.

3.2.2 Describe the developmental state of Carcharias taurus at birth. Give a reason for your answer.
At birth, Carcharias taurus pups are independent and well-developed.
The reason is that the extract states they "receive no parental care," indicating they are capable of fending for themselves immediately after birth.

3.2.3 Define the term ovovivipary.
Ovovivipary is a mode of reproduction in which embryos develop inside eggs that remain within the mother's body until they are ready to hatch. The embryos receive nourishment from the yolk of the egg, not directly from the mother's placenta.

3.2.4 Explain why oophagy increases the survival and reproductive success of Carcharias taurus.
Oophagy, where the strongest embryo eats other eggs and smaller embryos, provides additional nutrition to the developing pup. This extra nourishment allows the surviving pup to grow larger and stronger before birth. Being larger and more developed at birth increases the pup's chances of survival against predators and improves its ability to find food, thereby enhancing the overall reproductive success of the species.