Incorporate your answers to the following questions into the provided diagram.

here are the answers to your questions:

16. Identify the following types of placentation: * A: Marginal placentation * B: Axile placentation * C: Free central placentation * D: Parietal placentation

17. With respect to the diagram answer the following: * a) In which phase does the amount of DNA per cell doubles?

    • The amount of DNA per cell doubles during the S phase (Synthesis phase) due to DNA replication. * b) Which type of RNA is synthesized during the first growth phase?
    • During the first growth phase (G1 phase), all types of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA) are synthesized to support cell growth and protein synthesis. * c) Approximately how long does each of the following phases of cell cycle take to complete?
    • i) G2: 2-5 hours
    • ii) G1: 8 hours or more
    • iii) M phase: 1-3 hours
    • iv) S phase: 6-8 hours * d) Which is the stage between two successive cell divisions.
    • The stage between two successive cell divisions is Interphase (which includes G1, S, and G2 phases).

18. Given below are different vertebrae. Identify them and write important characteristics for each of them. * Left image: Thoracic Vertebra

    • Characteristics:
      • Heart-shaped vertebral body.
      • Long, slender spinous process that points inferiorly.
      • Presence of costal facets (demifacets) on the vertebral body and transverse processes for articulation with the ribs. * Right image: Sacrum
    • Characteristics:
      • Large, triangular bone formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebrae.
      • Articulates superiorly with the fifth lumbar vertebra and laterally with the ilium of the hip bone.
      • Forms the posterior wall of the pelvis.

19. Given below are different vertebrae. Identify them and write important characteristics for each of them. * Left image: Axis (C2 Vertebra)

    • Characteristics:
      • Distinguished by a prominent superior projection called the dens (odontoid process).
      • The dens articulates with the atlas (C1), allowing for the rotation of the head. * Right image: Atlas (C1 Vertebra)
    • Characteristics:
      • Ring-shaped and lacks a vertebral body and a spinous process.
      • Has large superior articular facets that articulate with the occipital condyles of the skull, enabling nodding movements of the head.