This biology question covers important biological concepts and processes. The step-by-step explanation below helps you understand the underlying mechanisms and reasoning.

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3. Describe what happens in the following phases of a cardiac cycle.
a) Atrial systole During atrial systole, the atria contract, pushing the remaining blood into the ventricles. This accounts for about 20-30% of ventricular filling.
b) Ventricular systole During ventricular systole, the ventricles contract. First, the atrioventricular valves close, then the semilunar valves open, and blood is ejected from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary artery.
c) General diastole During general diastole, all four chambers of the heart are relaxed. Blood flows from the atria into the ventricles, filling them passively.
4. Define the following words:
a) Systole Systole refers to the phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood from the chambers into the arteries.
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This biology question covers important biological concepts and processes. The step-by-step explanation below helps you understand the underlying mechanisms and reasoning.