Explain protein synthesis
Biology
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Protein synthesis is the process by which cells build proteins. It involves two main stages: transcription and translation.
Transcription occurs in the nucleus, where a segment of DNA is copied into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. This mRNA then travels out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
Translation takes place in the cytoplasm on ribosomes. The mRNA sequence is read in codons (three-nucleotide units), and transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the corresponding amino acids to the ribosome. The ribosome links these amino acids together in the order specified by the mRNA, forming a polypeptide chain that folds into a functional protein.
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