What are the definitions, causes, symptoms, and treatments for common respiratory illnesses like bronchitis, asthma, and bronchopneumonia?

Here are the answers to the questions:

Filling the blank spaces

1. Bronchitis affects the lungs.
2. Clean environment helps prevention.
3. Dust triggers bronchitis.
4. Chest pain is a symptom of asthma.
5. Bronchopneumonia is a serious infection.

Match the following

1. Pneumonia: lungs
2. Hygiene: prevention
3. Inhaler: asthma treatment
4. Oxygen: severe cases
5. Whooping cough: bacteria

SECTION B

1. Define bronchitis and state two (02) causes (4mks) Bronchitis is an inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the lungs. Two causes of bronchitis are:

   • Smoking
   • Viral infections (e.g., common cold, flu)

2. Describe asthma and its treatment (6mks) Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. These symptoms can be triggered by various factors such as allergens, exercise, or cold air. Treatment for asthma typically involves:

   • Bronchodilators (e.g., inhalers) to quickly open airways during an attack.
   • Corticosteroids (inhaled or oral) to reduce inflammation and prevent future attacks.

3. State three 03 symptoms of bronchopneumonia (6mks) Three symptoms of bronchopneumonia are:

   • Fever
   • Cough (often with mucus)
   • Shortness of breath

4. List two (02) prevention of respiratory disease (4mks) Two ways to prevent respiratory diseases are:

   • Avoiding smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke.
   • Practicing good hygiene, such as frequent hand washing.