The figure below shows a longitudinal section through a bean seed. (a) Identify the parts labelled I and J. (b) Describe the role of the micropyle and structure J. (c) Explain the two types of germination.

Here are the answers to the questions:

a) Identify the parts labelled I and J.
I. Testa
J. Cotyledon

b) Describe the role of the micropyle and structure J.
The role of structure J (cotyledon) is to store food and enzymes for the developing embryo.
The role of the micropyle is to allow water and oxygen entry into the seed, and also the exit of carbon dioxide during respiration.

c) Explain the two types of germination.

i) Epigeal germination: This is a type of germination where the cotyledons are pushed above the ground due to the elongation of the hypocotyl. An example is beans.

ii) Hypogeal germination: This is a type of germination where the cotyledons remain underground due to the elongation of the epicotyl. An example is maize.

d) Define the following terms.

i) Gene: A gene is the basic unit of inheritance.

ii) Phenotype: A phenotype is the outward expression of the genotype in the form of physical characteristics of an organism.

All your answers are ✅ Correct!